Analysis of pediatric gunshot wounds in Houston, Texas: A social perspective

Brewer, Joe W.; Cox, Charles S.; Fletcher, Stephen; Shah, Manish N.; Sandberg, Michelle; Sandberg, David I.

doi:10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2018.10.061

Cited by 16 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Fatality rates because of frTBI were elevated 5-fold to 6-fold compared with overall firearm-related deaths (15%-45% vs 3%-8%). 9,[17][18][19][20] This disproportionate mortality was seen over the course of the 5 decades studied. The incidence of frTBIs among all pediatric TBI cases remained stable around 1.5%, although the proportion of pediatric gunshot wound (GSW) to the head among such incidents in all ages has decreased from 9.5% to 6.2%.…”

Section: Characterizing Pediatric Frtbimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9,21 Counseling regarding firearm safety at home includes secure firearm storage (unloaded and locked), use of safety mechanisms, and separate storage of ammunition. 17,19 This comes in contrast to the fact that few physicians have dedicated firearm injury prevention training. 19,22 Broader reaching community interventions emphasized in the surveyed literature involve outreach, education, and screening.…”

Section: Proposed Mitigating Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…17,19 This comes in contrast to the fact that few physicians have dedicated firearm injury prevention training. 19,22 Broader reaching community interventions emphasized in the surveyed literature involve outreach, education, and screening. In the case-control portion of the study by Laraque et al, 18 engagement in extracurricular and work activities were correlated with decreased GSW occurrence while school dropout and criminal justice system exposure were strongly correlated with increased risk of GSW to the head.…”

Section: Proposed Mitigating Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[23][24][25][26][27] In addition, they discuss that interventions where families were provided with free safe storage devices resulted in higher reported rates of safe storage. 19,28 They point to these findings as areas where policies aimed at improving safety may be helpful and more universally supported to reduce risk in this arena.…”

Section: Proposed Mitigating Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Firearm-Related Pediatric Head Trauma: A Scoping Review

et al. 2022

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BACKGROUND: Firearm-related injury is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in pediatric populations. Despite a disproportionate role in the most morbid outcomes in both traumatic brain injury and firearm-related injury populations, firearm-related traumatic brain injury (frTBI) is an understudied epidemiological entity. There is need to increase understanding and promote interventions that reduce this burden of disease. OBJECTIVE: To assess the evidence characterizing pediatric frTBI to highlight trends and gaps regarding burden of disease and interventions to reduce frTBI. METHODS: We conducted a scoping review under Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses-Scoping Review (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines on peer-reviewed studies across 5 databases (Medline OVID, EMBASE, Web of Science Legal Collection, Psy-chINFO, and Academic Search Complete). English studies examining pediatric frTBI epidemiology, prevention, and/or social or legal policy advocacy were included. Articles were excluded if they more generally discussed pediatric firearm-related injury without specific analysis of frTBI. RESULTS: Six studies satisfied inclusion criteria after screening and full-text assessment. Limited studies specifically addressed the burden of disease caused by frTBI. There was an increased risk for both injury and death from frTBI in men, preteenage and teenage youths, minorities, and individuals in firearm-owning households. Further study is required to ascertain if suggested methods of targeted patient screening, firearm-injury prevention counseling, and advocacy of safety-oriented policy tangibly affect rates or outcomes of pediatric frTBI. CONCLUSION: By understanding published epidemiological data and areas of intervention shown to reduce frTBIs, neurosurgeons can become further engaged in public health and prevention rather than strictly treatment after injury.

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Section: Characterizing Pediatric Frtbimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Proposed Mitigating Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Proposed Mitigating Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Proposed Mitigating Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Firearm-Related Pediatric Head Trauma: A Scoping Review

et al. 2022

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“…Firearms are one of the leading causes of injury and death in children and adolescents in the world 1,2 , constituting a public health problem that affects mainly large urban centers 3 . Costly treatment, long length of hospital stay, and considerable decreased productivity are significant factors related to this health issue 4,5 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case Report: Facial injury due to a firearm projectile in a Brazilian adolescent

et al. 2019

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Background: Deaths and injuries from firearms are significant public health problems. This article presents a case of face injury caused by a firearm projectile with atrial involvement. Case report: A 13-year-old male Black patient was admitted as an emergency victim of an accident caused by a firearm projectile. On physical examination, a hemorrhage was diagnosed in the right ear pinna region from the wound, and an increase of volume, of hardened consistency, in the right genic region, suggestive of local infection. On radiographic examination, a radiopaque, dense, foreign body was identified in the right zygomatic process region. The patient underwent surgery to remove the projectile. Conclusion: The care provided to the victim of a firearm injury depends on the systemic conditions, the available professional staff, the resources and the infrastructure of the environment. Prior to initiating therapy, it is important to stabilize the patient to ensure survival.

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Child Access Prevention Firearm Laws and Firearm Fatalities Among Children Aged 0 to 14 Years, 1991-2016

et al. 2020

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IMPORTANCE Firearms caused more than 500 pediatric fatalities in 2017-a 50% increase from 2009. Laws regulating firearms are one approach to reducing pediatric firearm fatalities.OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between state child access prevention (CAP) firearm laws and pediatric firearm fatalities. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSA state-level, cross-sectional study of CAP firearm laws throughout the United States, 1991-2016, was conducted using negative binomial regression to analyze differences in state fatality rates in children aged 0 to 14 years. Data analysis was performed from November 21, 2018, to October 18, 2019.EXPOSURES Implementation of 2 categories of state CAP firearm laws: recklessness laws, which pertain to providing a firearm to a child, and negligence laws, which pertain to accessibility of a firearm within the home. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESRates of firearm fatalities across all intents and by specific intent (homicide, suicide, and unintentional) per 100 000 children aged 0 to 14 years.RESULTS Twenty-five states passed CAP laws between 1989 and 2000. Between 1991 and 2016, 13 697 firearm fatalities occurred in children aged 0 to 14 years. Recklessness laws were not associated with changes in pediatric firearm fatality rates. Negligence laws overall were associated with significant reductions in firearm fatalities in children aged 0 to 14 years, with a 13% relative reduction in all firearm fatalities (95% CI, −18% to −7%), a 15% relative reduction in firearm homicides (95% CI, −22% to −7%), a 12% relative reduction in firearm suicides (95% CI, −20% to −2%), and a 13% relative reduction in unintentional firearm fatalities (95% CI, −24% to −1%). The most stringent negligence laws were associated with unintentional firearm fatality reductions of 59% (95% CI, −68% to −49%). A total of 3929 deaths (29% of all firearm deaths) were associated with states not having passed the most stringent form of negligence CAP laws.CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this study, negligence laws were associated with relative reductions in firearm fatality rates in children aged 0 to 14 years. The most stringent negligence laws were associated with the largest reductions in unintentional firearm fatalities. Recklessness laws were not associated with reduced firearm fatality rates. The passage of negligence CAP laws may have the potential to reduce firearm fatalities in children.

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Analysis of pediatric gunshot wounds in Houston, Texas: A social perspective

Cited by 16 publications

References 14 publications

Firearm-Related Pediatric Head Trauma: A Scoping Review

Firearm-Related Pediatric Head Trauma: A Scoping Review

Case Report: Facial injury due to a firearm projectile in a Brazilian adolescent

Child Access Prevention Firearm Laws and Firearm Fatalities Among Children Aged 0 to 14 Years, 1991-2016

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