Analysis of ocean wave characteristic in Western Indonesian Seas using wave spectrum model

Abstract

Abstract. Understanding the characteristics of the ocean wave in Indonesian Seas particularly in western Indonesian Seas is crucial to establish secured marine activities in addition to construct well-built marine infrastructures. Three-years-data (July 1996 -1999) simulated from Simulating Waves Nearshore (SWAN) model were used to analyze the ocean wave characteristics and variabilities in eastern Indian Ocean, Java Sea, and South China Sea. The interannual or seasonal variability of the significant wave height is affected by the alteration of wind speed and direction. Interactions between Indian Ocean Dipole Mode (IODM), El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and monsoon result in interannual ocean wave variability in the study areas. Empirical Orthogonal Functions (EOF) analysis produces 6 modes represents 95% of total variance that influence the wave height variability in the entire model domain. Mode 1 was dominated by annual monsoon and has spatial dominant contribution in South China Sea effected by ENSO and Indian Ocean influenced by IODM. Java Sea was influenced by Mode 2 which is controlled by semi-annual monsoon and IODM. A positive (negative) IODM strengthens (weakens) the winds speed in Java Sea during the East (West) season and hence contributes to Mode 2 in increasing (decreasing) the significant wave in Java Sea.

Marine Debris Pathway Across Indonesian Boundary Seas

“…The difference in trajectory is directly related to the windage, where the debris with higher windage is less submerged; therefore, it is more affected by the wind. The wind velocity in the Indian Ocean near the equator is smaller than any other place in the area (<0.5 m/s) (Rachmayani et al, 2018). The debris trajectory on the ocean surface is affected by the wind and current, where the ocean currents direction is not always exactly parallel to the wind direction, vice versa.…”

Distribution and Composition of Marine Debris in the Shoreline Area of Bone Bay Indonesia

“…MD fluctuations have also been caused by debris trajectories on the sea surface, influenced by wind and currents. However, the direction of ocean currents has not always been exactly parallel to the direction of the wind, and vice versa (Rachmayani et al, 2018).…”

Water and Lipid-Soluble Component Profile of <i>Sargassum cristaefolium</i> from Different Coastal Areas in Indonesia with Potential for Developing Functional Ingredient

“…UGB and SHB contact directly with the Indian ocean as open sea, while PI and AB are located in the Java Sea which is recognized as closed water area. Thus, the northern waters of Java have a lower mean significant wave height and lower wind speed than the southern waters of Java 27 . The condition of high current velocity and wave height can be a decreasing factor for growth and biomass production of seaweed 22 .…”