Analysis of Nitrogen Dioxide in Environment

Abstract

As a severe environmental pollutant, detection and quantitation of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) have been studied for centuries. In this review, recent progress of NO2 analysis in the atmosphere will be summarized. Four major types of detection technologies, including traditional chemical detection, optical detection, solid-state field effect transistor detection, and other detection technology are covered. The standard method employed by the US EPA, which is based on luminol, is the most reliable and robust method that is used for fully validated monitoring. In the past two decades, accompanying the fast development of electrical engineering and integrated circuit, micro to nanoscale gas sensors have been gaining more and more attention. Application of novel materials including nano wires and graphene also leads to a new era of research and development of sensors.

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“…Immune system can be activated by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) [36] upon invading pathogens or NO x pollution in the atmosphere [37] . Nitric oxide is also a signaling agent and it can be detected via a number of spectroscopic techniques [38] .…”

Effects of Meteorological Variables on Nitrogen Dioxide Variation

“…Nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) is one of relatively stable nitrogen oxides in atmosphere [1] and one of the major environmental pollutants, which belongs to the family of nitrogen oxides (NO X ) [2]. Among the various nitrogen oxides emitted from stationary combustion; nitrogen oxide (NO), nitrous oxide (N 2 O), and nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) are stable while NO predominates (over 90%) [3].…”

“…Atmospheric ozone can cause respiratory problems by damaging lung tissue and reducing lung function. There is a significant influence to tropospheric NO 2 concentration because of the human activity and land cover change near ground [1,4,5,2]. It is generally believed that over 80% of the total NO X emitted to the atmosphere originate at sources where fossil fuels and industrial wastes are burned [2].…”

“…There is a significant influence to tropospheric NO 2 concentration because of the human activity and land cover change near ground [1,4,5,2]. It is generally believed that over 80% of the total NO X emitted to the atmosphere originate at sources where fossil fuels and industrial wastes are burned [2]. Air pollution in big cities is produced in a significant level by road vehicle emissions, with the modifying influence of meteorological agents [6].…”

“…Nitrogen oxides are one of the main components of the mixture of pollutants classically referred to as photochemical smog [7]. At higher concentrations, its presence has been implicated in the corrosion of electrical components, as well as vegetation damage [2].…”