“…On the other side, the noninvasive detection of organic pigments by spectroscopic techniques is possible but hard to achieve when the original pigment has degraded or is present at a very low concentration. Mass spectrometry (MS) has contributed significantly not only to the identification of historical and modern organic pigments in artworks − but also to the characterization of the waxes, lipids, varnishes, and protein paint binders . However, it usually requires small samples of the artifacts to be consumed.…”