Analysis of multipath channel fading techniques in wireless communication systems

Mahender, K.; Kumar, Tipparti Anil; Ramesh, K.

doi:10.1063/1.5032012

Cited by 32 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Once the MCOT ends, the transmitter enters the listening phase again. LBT is a non-cooperative spectrum access protocol, yielding inaccurate white space detection due to two prime practical issues, namely multipath and shadow fading [7], which usually hinder the spectrum sensing quality.…”

Section: G Nr-u and Wifi Coexistence Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Following the recommendations of 3GPP in release-16, 5G NR-U uses Listen-before-talk (LBT) to access the shared spectrum [6]. LBT is susceptible to inaccurate spectrum assessment due to environmental limitations causing common issues such as channel path fading and object interception [7]. To enhance spectrum sharing, cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) can be adopted by the 5G base stations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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BCSM: Blockchain‐based cooperative spectrum management system for 5G NR‐U and WiFi coexistence in the unlicensed band

Al‐Sahan¹,

Lasla

Abdallah

et al. 2022

IET Communications

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The licensed band is crowded and suffers from immense mobile data traffic growth, which exceeded 58 exabytes per month in 5 years. Meanwhile, a significant portion of the unlicensed band is underutilized and not coordinated efficiently. Experiments in some urban areas of the world have shown that only 5% of the unlicensed 5 GHz band is being used. 5G NR‐U technology supports 5G networks in the unlicensed band to alleviate the traffic congestion and boosts 5G networks capacity. Different heterogeneous network access technologies already use the unlicensed band. Consequently, 5G NR‐U networks will operate in the proximity of the other coexisting networks, such as WiFi networks in the 5 GHz and 6 GHz bands. In such environments, assessing the shared spectrum becomes challenging and necessitates adequate protocols to identify idle slots for successful transmissions. Cooperative Spectrum Sensing (CSS) improves the spectrum assessment process, as the decision about the spectrum state is rendered based on the local decisions of multiple sensing nodes. CSS is exploited by integrating it with Blockchain technology to design a decentralized cooperative spectrum management system called: Blockchain‐Based Cooperative Spectrum Management (BCSM). The system is attributed to ameliorating 5G NR‐U awareness about the neighboring WiFi networks traffic in the unlicensed band. An algorithm is designed for performing distributed cooperative spectrum assessment between the 5G NR‐U base stations to profile the WiFi networks traffic in their proximity. To ensure fairness based on the effort expended in assessing the spectrum, a priority‐based algorithm is designed for spectrum access scheduling. A proof‐of‐concept is implemented using private Ethereum Blockchain and NS3 simulator. Finally, the system's accuracy is evaluated empirically along with theoretical security analysis.

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Section: G Nr-u and Wifi Coexistence Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BCSM: Blockchain‐based cooperative spectrum management system for 5G NR‐U and WiFi coexistence in the unlicensed band

Al‐Sahan¹,

Lasla

Abdallah

et al. 2022

IET Communications

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“…In a wireless mobile communication system, the transmitted signals suffer alterations due to different deleterious effects caused by the channel. As a consequence such signals might reach the receiver through multiple paths with different phases and amplitudes [9] thus causing signal fading. Signal fading can be characterized by a random process governing the magnitude of the transmitted signal [10] reaching the receiver.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined Polar Codes and 2-12 QAM over AWGN and Rayleigh Fading Channels

Oliveira

Alcoforado

Markarian

et al. 2021

Preprint

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This article investigates a communication system using polar codes combined with a 2-12 QAM modulation scheme over channels disturbed by additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) as well as over channels disturbed by Rayleigh fading in addition to AWGN. The 2-12 QAM modulation is compatible with legacy 16 QAM still widely used, and when combined with appropriate error correcting codes produces results that approach the Shannon limit.

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“…Moreover, another factor in causing multipath is the random orientation between transmitting and receiving antennas . Besides that, signal fading caused by destructive interference may result in poor performance in a communication system due to the loss of signal power with the same noise power …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8 Besides that, signal fading caused by destructive interference may result in poor performance in a communication system due to the loss of signal power with the same noise power. 9,10 When the radiation patterns of the antennas are circularly polarized (CP), they are less sensitive to the effects of the antenna orientations. According to the DSRC standards, the OBU antenna for V2X communication required to radiate with omnidirectional or bidirectional pattern with circular polarization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compact bidirectional circularly polarized dedicated short range communication antenna for on‐board unit vehicle‐to‐everything applications

Rahman

Jamlos

et al. 2020

Int J RF Microw Comput Aided Eng

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This article presents a newly circularly polarized (CP) antenna for V2X's dedicated short range communications applications. Its CP characteristic is enabled by a 70 Ω sequential phase feeding network and sequential rotation technique designed on top of the substrate. It has features of ≈90° phase difference in sequence between ports of S21 = 2.4°, S31 = −87°, S41 = −180°, and S51 = −276°, resulting in a 2.19 dB axial ratio centered at 5.9 GHz. The length of the SP feeding network to each ports designed in the different form of meander lines are the key to control the generated phase at the center frequency It also contributes to the smaller final size of 0.59λ × 0.59λ. The proposed antenna operated from 5.850 to 5.925 GHz with a gain between 4 and 6 dBi. The gains are radiated in bidirectional mode due to the presence of the complimentary dipoles located on the opposite side of the substrate. These features indicate the suitability of the proposed antenna in compliance to the ITS‐G5 OBU V2X standard.

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Analysis of multipath channel fading techniques in wireless communication systems

Cited by 32 publications

References 9 publications

BCSM: Blockchain‐based cooperative spectrum management system for 5G NR‐U and WiFi coexistence in the unlicensed band

BCSM: Blockchain‐based cooperative spectrum management system for 5G NR‐U and WiFi coexistence in the unlicensed band

Combined Polar Codes and 2-12 QAM over AWGN and Rayleigh Fading Channels

Compact bidirectional circularly polarized dedicated short range communication antenna for on‐board unit vehicle‐to‐everything applications

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