Analysis of motor vehicle emissions in a Houston tunnel during the Texas Air Quality Study 2000

McGaughey, Gary

doi:10.1016/s1352-2310(04)00194-3

Cited by 27 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Emission factors for heavy-duty vehicles and light-duty vehicles were derived from measurements of fine particles, coarse particles, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. Particle-phase EFs for LDVs were calculated directly from the measurements of particulate matter, CO 2 and CO concentrations for LDVs using the following equation (McGaughey et al 2004):…”

Section: Emission Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vehicular particulate matter emissions in road tunnels in Sao Paulo, Brazil

Sánchez-Ccoyllo

Ynoue

Martins

et al. 2008

Environ Monit Assess

103

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the metropolitan area of São Paulo, Brazil, ozone and particulate matter (PM) are the air pollutants that pose the greatest threat to air quality, since the PM and the ozone precursors (nitrogen oxides and volatile organic compounds) are the main source of air pollution from vehicular emissions. Vehicular emissions can be measured inside road tunnels, and those measurements can provide information about emission factors of in-use vehicles. Emission factors are used to estimate vehicular emissions and are described as the amount of species emitted per vehicle distance driven or per volume of fuel consumed. This study presents emission factor data for fine particles, coarse particles, inhalable particulate matter and black carbon, as well as size distribution data for inhalable particulate matter, as measured in March and May of 2004, respectively, in the Jânio Quadros and Maria Maluf road tunnels, both located in São Paulo. The Jânio Quadros tunnel carries mainly light-duty vehicles, whereas the Maria Maluf tunnel carries light-duty and heavy-duty vehicles. In the Jânio Quadros tunnel, the estimated light-duty vehicle emission factors for the trace elements copper and bromine were 261 and 220 microg km(-1), respectively, and 16, 197, 127 and 92 mg km(-1), respectively, for black carbon, inhalable particulate matter, coarse particles and fine particles. The mean contribution of heavy-duty vehicles to the emissions of black carbon, inhalable particulate matter, coarse particles and fine particles was, respectively 29, 4, 6 and 6 times higher than that of light-duty vehicles. The inhalable particulate matter emission factor for heavy-duty vehicles was 1.2 times higher than that found during dynamometer testing. In general, the particle emissions in São Paulo tunnels are higher than those found in other cities of the world.

show abstract

Section: Emission Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vehicular particulate matter emissions in road tunnels in Sao Paulo, Brazil

Sánchez-Ccoyllo

Ynoue

Martins

et al. 2008

Environ Monit Assess

103

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In this case we compared hydrocarbon abundances relative to i-pentane since this was measured by both the NOAA-1 and NOAA-2 instruments allowing the two data sets to be combined to cover the C 2 -C 10 range. Isopentane was the dominant hydrocarbon measured in the Washburn Tunnel samples comprising 7.7% by weight of the hydrocarbon emissions [McGaughey et al, 2004] and thus is a good tracer of vehicle exhaust. Using ratios normalizes the large difference in concentrations that exist between the two environments and will enable a direct comparison of hydrocarbon distribution patterns.…”

Section: Wind Sectored Histogramsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrocarbon source signatures in Houston, Texas: Influence of the petrochemical industry

et al. 2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

[1] Observations of C 1 -C 10 hydrocarbon mixing ratios measured by in situ instrumentation at the La Porte super site during the TexAQS 2000 field experiment are reported. The La Porte data were compared to a roadway vehicle exhaust signature obtained from canister samples collected in the Houston Washburn tunnel during the same summer to better understand the impact of petrochemical emissions of hydrocarbons at the site. It is shown that the abundance of ethene, propene, 1-butene, C 2 -C 4 alkanes, hexane, cyclohexane, methylcyclohexane, isopropylbenzene, and styrene at La Porte were systematically affected by petrochemical industry emissions. Coherent power law relationships between frequency distribution widths of hydrocarbon mixing ratios and their local lifetimes clearly identify two major source groups, roadway vehicle emissions and industrial emissions. Distributions of most aromatics and long chain alkanes were consistent with roadway vehicle emissions as the dominant source. Air mass reactivity was generally dominated by C 1 -C 3 aldehydes. Propene and ethene sometimes dominated air mass reactivity with HO loss frequencies often greater than 10 s À1 . Ozone mixing ratios near 200 ppbv were observed on two separate occasions, and these air masses appear to have been affected by industrial emissions of alkenes from the Houston Ship Channel. The La Porte data provide evidence of the importance of industrial emissions of ethene and propene on air mass reactivity and ozone formation in Houston.

show abstract

“…Although there is a general perception in the public mind that industries are the major source of air pollution, many studies, such as those of Piechocki-Minguy et al (2006); Gilbert et al (2007); Shiva Nagendra et al (2007); Derwent et al (1995); Olcese et al (2001); McGaughey et al (2004) and Sather et al (2007) indicate that motor vehicle emissions contribute significantly to the pollution of the atmosphere. While nitric oxide (NO) is the main oxide of nitrogen formed during combustion, other oxides such as nitrogen dioxide are also present in exhaust emissions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%