Analysis of historical selection in winter wheat

Yang, Chin Jian; Ladejobi, Olufunmilayo; Mott, Richard; Powell, W.; Mackay, Ian

doi:10.1007/s00122-022-04163-3

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 72 publications

(128 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) breeding has succeeded in increasing both grain yield and grain protein concentration in recent decades [ 4 ]. In contrast, long-term wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) breeding has achieved incremental biomass yield gain, but at the loss of grain protein content over time [ 5 ]. Plant breeders therefore actively seek to achieve two sometimes opposing goals, maximization both food productivity and quality.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breeding for Higher Yields of Wheat and Rice through Modifying Nitrogen Metabolism

Kasemsap

Bloom

2022

Plants

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Wheat and rice produce nutritious grains that provide 32% of the protein in the human diet globally. Here, we examine how genetic modifications to improve assimilation of the inorganic nitrogen forms ammonium and nitrate into protein influence grain yield of these crops. Successful breeding for modified nitrogen metabolism has focused on genes that coordinate nitrogen and carbon metabolism, including those that regulate tillering, heading date, and ammonium assimilation. Gaps in our current understanding include (1) species differences among candidate genes in nitrogen metabolism pathways, (2) the extent to which relative abundance of these nitrogen forms across natural soil environments shape crop responses, and (3) natural variation and genetic architecture of nitrogen-mediated yield improvement. Despite extensive research on the genetics of nitrogen metabolism since the rise of synthetic fertilizers, only a few projects targeting nitrogen pathways have resulted in development of cultivars with higher yields. To continue improving grain yield and quality, breeding strategies need to focus concurrently on both carbon and nitrogen assimilation and consider manipulating genes with smaller effects or that underlie regulatory networks as well as genes directly associated with nitrogen metabolism.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breeding for Higher Yields of Wheat and Rice through Modifying Nitrogen Metabolism

Kasemsap

Bloom

2022

Plants

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Balancing quality with quantity: A case study of UK bread wheat

Fradgley,

Gardner,

Kerton

et al. 2023

Plants People Planet

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Societal Impact StatementIncreasing crop productivity is often proposed as a key goal for meeting the food security demands of a growing global population. However, achieving high crop yields alone without meeting end‐use quality requirements is counter to this objective and can lead to negative environmental and sustainability issues. High yielding feed wheat crops in the United Kingdom are a typical example of this. The historical context of UK agricultural industrialisation, developments in plant breeding and wheat end‐use processing are examined. We then outline how employing innovations in plant breeding methods offer the potential to redress the balance between wheat quantity and quality.SummaryBread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) has historically been an important crop for many human civilisations. Today, variability in wheat supply and trade has a large influence on global economies and food security. The United Kingdom is an example of an industrialised country that achieves high wheat yields through intensive cropping systems and a favourable climate. However, only a minority of the wheat grain produced is of suitable end‐use quality for modern bread baking methods and most wheat produced is fed to livestock. A large agricultural land area and input use dedicated to producing grain for animal rather than human food has wide‐ranging negative impacts for environmental sustainability and domestic food production. Here we present an historical perspective of agricultural and economic changes that have resulted in UK production primarily focussing on wheat quantity over quality. Agricultural intensification, liberalisation of free trade in agricultural commodities, innovations in the milling and baking sector, developments in scientific understanding of genetics and plant breeding, and geopolitical changes have all played a role. We propose that wheat breeding plays a crucial role in influencing these issues and although wheat breeders in the United Kingdom have historically applied the most‐up‐to‐date scientific advances, recent advances in genomics tools and quantitative genetics present a unique opportunity for breeders to redress the balance between quantity and quality.

show abstract

Multi-trait ensemble genomic prediction and simulations of recurrent selection highlight importance of complex trait genetic architecture for long-term genetic gains in wheat

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Cereal crop breeders have achieved considerable genetic gain in genetically complex traits, such as grain yield, while maintaining genetic diversity. However, focus on selection for yield has negatively impacted other important traits. To better understand multi-trait selection within a breeding context, and how it might be optimised, we analysed genotypic and phenotypic data from a genetically diverse, 16-founder wheat multi-parent advanced generation inter-cross (MAGIC) population. Compared to single-trait models, multi-trait ensemble genomic prediction models increased prediction accuracy for almost 90% of traits, improving grain yield prediction accuracy by 3-52%. For complex traits, non-parametric models (Random Forest) also outperformed simplified, additive models (LASSO), increasing grain yield prediction accuracy by 10-36%. Simulations of recurrent genomic selection then showed that sustained greater forward prediction accuracy optimised long-term genetic gains. Simulations of selection on grain yield found indirect responses in related traits, involving optimised antagonistic trait relationships. We found multi-trait selection indices could effectively optimise undesirable relationships, such as the trade-off between grain yield and protein content, or combine traits of interest, such as yield and weed competitive ability. Simulations of phenotypic selection found that including Random Forest rather than LASSO genetic models, and multi-trait rather than single-trait models as the true genetic model, accelerated and extended long-term genetic gain whilst maintaining genetic diversity. These results (i) suggest important roles of pleiotropy and epistasis in the wider context of wheat breeding programmes, and (ii) provide insights into mechanisms for continued genetic gain in a limited genepool and optimisation of multiple traits for crop improvement.

show abstract

Analysis of historical selection in winter wheat

Cited by 6 publications

References 72 publications

Breeding for Higher Yields of Wheat and Rice through Modifying Nitrogen Metabolism

Breeding for Higher Yields of Wheat and Rice through Modifying Nitrogen Metabolism

Balancing quality with quantity: A case study of UK bread wheat

Multi-trait ensemble genomic prediction and simulations of recurrent selection highlight importance of complex trait genetic architecture for long-term genetic gains in wheat

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About