Analysis of high levels of multidrug resistant Escherichia coli from healthy broiler chickens in Western Algeria

Abstract

One hundred and two Escherichia coli strains isolated from healthy broiler chickens collected from April 2012 to November 2014 in seven geographic areas of western Algeria were studied. Susceptibility pattern to 11 antimicrobial agents was determined by disk diffusion method as recommended by the Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI). Antibiograms revealed high levels of resistance to quinolones and fluoroquinolones including nalidixic acid (100%), flumequin (86, 27%) and enrofloxacin (84, 31%), and to other antibiotics, notably: tetracycline (92, 15%), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazol (80, 39%) and amoxicillin (68, 62%). However, a moderate percentage of strains were resistant to neomycin (31, 37%), chloramphenicol (27, 45%) and nitrofurantoin (21, 56%). Only 7, 84% of the isolates were resistant to gentamicin and all the isolates were susceptible to colistin. All isolated E. coli were resistant to at least three antibiotics. 96, 08% and 91, 12% of the isolates were resistant to at least four and five antimicrobials, respectively. Twenty eight antibiotic resistance patterns of E. coli strains were detected, of which 11 were present significantly. The results of this survey indicate very high levels of resistance to quinolones and to other antibiotics in E. coli from healthy broiler chickens in Algeria, and suggested that this reservoir of resistance may affect the therapeutic potential of fluoroquinolones in human and veterinary medicine.

Resistance to multiple first-line antibiotics among Escherichia coli from poultry in Western Algeria

“…Acquired resistance to such antibiotics increases the clinical impact of infections due to E. coli and complicates their management in both human and veterinary medicine [6]. E. coli infections are of clinical concern because this species is becoming progressively more resistant to currently available antimicrobials [7][8][9] and especially with the emergence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing isolates. The importance of infections due to multidrug-resistant (MDR) E. coli has been increasingly recognized in recent years and they are associated with increased morbidity and mortality [10].…”

“…Thus, monitoring E. coli for antimicrobial resistance might also provide predictive information on antimicrobial resistance in potentially pathogenic bacteria [15]. A large number of studies have been performed in different parts of the world, focused on the analysis of the prevalence of MDR E. coli in poultry [7,12,15]. Such surveillance should be localized and updated as often as possible because resistance trends can vary even between regions in the same city [14], and especially in countries, where antibiotic usage is not strictly regulated.…”

Characterization of quinolone-resistant Enterobacteriaceae strains isolated from poultry in Western Algeria: First report of qnrS in an Enterobacter cloacae

“…Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Enterobacteriaceae have frequently been reported, in both human and veterinary medicine, from different parts of the world as a consequence of antibiotic usage [ 3 , 4 ]. In Algeria, the frequency of antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli ( E. coli )from animals has already been reported by several authors [ 5 - 8 ]. However, there is a lack of published data regarding antimicrobial resistance in non- E. coli Enterobacteriaceaefrom animals in Algeria.…”

Antibacterial activity ofCladanthus arabicusandBubonium imbricatumessential oils alone and in combination with conventional antibiotics againstEnterobacteriaceaeisolates

“…In the last few years, various investigations reported high levels of multidrug resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolated from poultry in Algeria (Hamoudi and Aggad ; Benameur et al . , ). These data showed a worrying picture but in view of the whole range of antibiotics available in Algeria and their increasing and inappropriate use in poultry farms, the globally high incidence of antibiotic resistance observed in this country is not surprising.…”

“…The frequency of resistance to first‐line antimicrobial agents has been rising worldwide during the last decades in both human and veterinary medicine (Paterson ; Benameur et al . ), and now it reaches high proportions in many areas of the world. Infections caused by multidrug‐resistant (MDR) Enterobacteriaceae are associated with increased morbidity and mortality than those caused by their susceptible counterparts (Rottier et al .…”