Analysis of heat and moisture content inside the ridge in ridge cotton growing

Abstract

On the basis of theoretical developments of recent years it was established that there is a certain dependence between soil density and productivity of agricultural crops and that for different biological groups of plants there is a certain value of soil, under which the best conditions for their growth and development are created. In this connection it was recommended to pay special attention to identification of relation between soil density and its water-air, biological and nutritive regimes. Results of researches showed that the best water-physical parameters, good biological and nutritious regime in typical sierozem and meadow non-saline medium-loamy soils is at volume weight equal to 1.1-1.34 g/cm3, and for light sierozem medium-loamy, medium saline - 1.2-1.4 g/cm3, etc. In order to create and maintain optimum compaction of arable soil during long period of vegetation it is necessary to change technology of ridge cultivation of cotton. The change consists in making ridging in spring and sowing cotton seeds on them without early spring and pre-sowing tillage. With sowing of seeds by seeders, drip irrigation hose is laid immediately on the ridge and after sowing, soaking water is supplied to the seeds. In article results of researches on development of cotton cultivation technology on a ridge with addressed and uniform moistening of root system of plants are given.

Development of a Unit for Pre-sowing Strip Milling of Soil, Laying of a Drip Irrigation Hose and The Possibility of Sowing Seeds

“…The front part of the machine hangs on the tractor at three points, the reducer of the milling machine is connected to the power supply valve of the tractor. The ejector is connected from three points through the suspension device 10 (Figure 1) of the front of the machine, in the suspension connector the ejector has a 9 adjustment device with respect to the horizon [7]. The machine aggregated to the tractor works as follows: when the tractor starts, the milling machine 1 is first started, the machine is lowered and the soil is processed and planted.…”

“…After him, the wheels of the moving planter 12 are dragged, resting on the bottom of the pusher, with which the smoothness of movement is ensured. When sowing seeds, rowed or precision seeding machines can be used [7].…”

“…These resistance force values are determined analytically and in field conditions based on the results of dynamometric tenzometry experiments [8]. The proposed drip irrigation pipe [7] is made of elastic plastic, the water outlet holes are located on a certain distance on the longitudinal axis of the pipe. The water outlet holes are round holes, and the ratio of the hole diameter D to the pipe diameter D is as follows:…”

Innovative ridge tillage of soil with simultaneous sowing of seeds of industrial crops and with laying of drip irrigation hose on ridge

“…To eliminate these shortcomings, it is necessary to develop such a device for sowing cotton on the ridges, which would allow, at the lowest cost, to obtain early and healthy seedlings without replanting and, most importantly, to protect these crops from rain flows and, if necessary, to carry out feeding watering [8][9][10].…”

Formation and justification of the parameters of the comb for laying the drip irrigation hose and sowing seeds

“…At the same time, the difference between daytime and nighttime temperatures ranges from 9 to 160C, at night the temperature difference between adjacent calendar days is only 2-40C. While in the daytime it ranges from 3 to 60C [5][6][7][8].…”