Analysis of Food Allergen Structures and Development of Foods for Allergic Patients

Enzyme-Modified Cheese Exerts Inhibitory Effects on Allergen Permeation in Rats Suffering from Indomethacin-Induced Intestinal Inflammation

“…Increased permeability was involved in pathogenesis not only in food allergy but also in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). [22][23][24] There exists the possibility that EMC and/or its peptides possessing the NPWDQ sequence can be applied practically in the prevention of these diseases. Results are expressed as mean AE SE, n ¼ 3.…”

Shear, heat and pH induced conformational changes of wheat gluten – Impact on antigenicity

“…The most common antigenic epitopes of gluten protein are HLA (Human Leukocyte Antigen) DQ2 genetic factor associated and these are characterised by multiple proline (Pro) and Gln residues (Kim, Quarsten, Bergseng, Khosla, & Sollid, 2004). Tanabe (2008) also reported Gln-Gln-Gln-Pro-Pro as the major motif of wheat gluten protein to act as antigenic epitope. Availability of these antigenic fragments in gluten depend on secondary and tertiary structure of protein as well as the SS bonds that stabilize particular conformation of epitopes to bind with antibody (Waga, 2004).…”

Spectrum of gluten-related disorders: consensus on new nomenclature and classification

“…In both conditions the reaction to gluten is mediated by T-cell activation in the gastrointestinal mucosa. However, in WA it is the cross-linking of immunoglobulin (Ig)E by repeat sequences in gluten peptides (for example, serine-glutamine-glutamine -glutamine-(glutamine-)proline-proline-phenylalanine) that triggers the release of chemical mediators, such as histamine, from basophils and mast cells [1]. In contrast, CD is an autoimmune disorder, as demonstrated by specific serologic autoantibodies, most notably serum anti-tissue transglutaminase (tTG) and anti-endomysial antibodies (EMA).…”