Analysis of FNAC in diagnosis of lymphadenopathy-a retrospective study from a regional cancer centre, Cuttack, Odisha

Abstract

Background: Lymphadenopathy is one of the most common clinical presentations and major causes of morbidity. Thus, clinical recognition and urgent diagnosis is of paramount importance. So, we aimed to analysis the diagnostic role of fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in superficial lymphadenopathy in a regional cancer centre, Odisha, India.Methods: A total 1129 cases were retrieved from the hospital record retrospectively from the patients who had presented with superficial lymphadenopathy from January 2015 to December 2015.Results: Out of 1129 lymphadenopathy cases, 671 (59.43%) were male and 458 (40.56%) were female with male to female ratio 1.46:1. The age of the patients ranged from 4 years to 83 years with mean age 48.57 years. The most common site was observed in cervical lymph node 493 (43.66%) followed by submandibuar lymph nodes 198 (17.53%) and supraclavicular lymph nodes 172 (15.23%). 584 (51.27%) were malignant and 545 (48.27%) were benign. Reactive hyperplasia was most common 318 (58.34%) among benign cases where as metastatic squamous cell carcinoma was the most common 261 (50.77%) among malignant lesions. By FNAC all benign lesions were correctly diagnosed, and primary sites of malignancy identified in 442 (85.59%) cases. Cyto-histo correlation was done in 399 cases. The overall diagnostic accuracy of FNAC was found to be 93.98%, sensitivity 93.88%, specificity 94.64%, positive predictive value 99.8% and negative predictive value 71.62%.Conclusions: FNAC is a highly sensitive and specific tool for early detecting primary malignancy and metastatic lesions. Many inflammatory lesions can be treated based on FNAC alone.

Efficacy of cytological examination in comparision with gold standard histopathology in various palpable & non-palpable lesions- A study of 483 cases in a tertiary care centre

“…Study conducted by Malhotra et al (2017) 12 was on total 238 cases but only 113 were followed by histopathological examination and hence only those findings were compared and included in the discussion. Same with study by Pathy (2017) 13 with total cases being 1129 but only 399 followed up for histopathology. The present study showed close similarity with other studies in case of sensitivity (93.33%) and PPV (93.33%).…”

FNAC: A Simple & Cost-Effective Diagnostic Tool for Benign & Malignant Pathologies Associated with Cervical Lymphadenopathy

“…FNAC is a procedure used to procure fluid, cells and tissues by means of a disposable syringe with a thin needle inserted for diagnosing masses. 3 Greig and Gray in 1904 used it first to diagnose trypanosomiasis. In 1921 Guthrie used fine-needle aspiration on lymph nodes for diagnosis on lymph node sand was further used as a diagnostic tool in 1930 by Martin and Ellis.…”

Observational study on FNAC evaluation of peripheral lymph node swellings

“…The knowledge of the spectrum of lymphadenopathy in a particular area is important for making a definitive diagnosis [1]. Various researchers have described the pattern of diseases diagnosed on the basis of FNAC of peripheral lymph nodes in different parts of the country [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13].Very few studies regarding this have been done in this area. Hence, this study was conducted.…”