Analysis of CYP2D6 gene variation in Venezuelan population: Implications for forensic toxicology

Chiurillo, Miguel Ángel; Grimán, Pedro; Moran, Yeinmy; Camargo, María; Ramı́rez, José Luis

doi:10.1016/j.fsigss.2009.08.044

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Opioids (codeine, morphine, and methadone) were used in most of the analyzed cases, followed by antidepressants (tricyclic antidepressants and venlafaxine). Only in one study ethylenediaminetetraacetic (EDTA) anticoagulant [26] and organophosphorus drugs [33] were administered [26,33,37]. A blood analysis was performed in all cases with one exception: in this case, a hair sample was used to analyze genetic polymorphism [31].…”

Section: Gc-ms Tetraplex Pcr Cyp2d6mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacogenetics and Forensic Toxicology: A New Step towards a Multidisciplinary Approach

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Esposito

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et al. 2021

Toxics

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Pharmacogenetics analyzes the individual behavior of DNA genes after the administration of a drug. Pharmacogenetic research has been implemented in recent years thanks to the improvement in genome sequencing techniques and molecular genetics. In addition to medical purposes, pharmacogenetics can constitute an important tool for clarifying the interpretation of toxicological data in post-mortem examinations, sometimes crucial for determining the cause and modality of death. The purpose of this systematic literature review is not only to raise awareness among the forensic community concerning pharmacogenetics, but also to provide a workflow for forensic toxicologists to follow in cases of unknown causes of death related to drug use/abuse. The scientific community is called on to work hard in order to supply evidence in forensic practice, demonstrating that this investigation could become an essential tool both in civil and forensic contexts. The following keywords were used for the search engine: (pharmacogenetics) AND (forensic toxicology); (pharmacogenetics) AND (post-mortem); (pharmacogenetics) AND (forensic science); and (pharmacogenetics) AND (autopsy). A total of 125 articles were collected. Of these, 29 articles were included in this systematic review. A total of 75% of the included studies were original articles (n = 21) and 25% were case reports (n = 7). A total of 78% (n = 22) of the studies involved deceased people for whom a complete autopsy was performed, while 22% (n = 6) involved people in good health who were given a drug with a subsequent pharmacogenetic study. The most studied drugs were opioids (codeine, morphine, and methadone), followed by antidepressants (tricyclic antidepressants and venlafaxine). Furthermore, all studies highlighted the importance of a pharmacogenetics study in drug-related deaths, especially in cases of non-overdose of drugs of abuse. This study highlights the importance of forensic pharmacogenetics, a field of toxicology still not fully understood, which is of great help in cases of sudden death, deaths from overdose, deaths after the administration of a drug, and also in cases of complaint of medical malpractice.

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Section: Gc-ms Tetraplex Pcr Cyp2d6mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacogenetics and Forensic Toxicology: A New Step towards a Multidisciplinary Approach

Nunno

Esposito

Argo

et al. 2021

Toxics

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“…15 In autopsy ca ses such as de ath due to sus pec ted po i so ning, aut hors re por ted that ge noty ping of vari ant CYP-iso form ge ne co uld help to de ter mi ne the ca u ses of de ath and to in cre a se the ac cu racy of fo ren sic iden ti fi ca ti on of the ca da ver. 16 In Swe den, the gro ups of de aths ca u sed by in to xi ca ti on of pharma ce u ti cals or il le gal drugs we re fo un ded upon CYP2D6 ge noty ping.…”

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confidence: 99%

CYP2D6 Polymorphism of Opiate Addicts and Contributions to Forensic Sciences

Açıkkol¹,

Mercan²

2011

Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci

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A AB BS S T TR RA AC CT T O Ob b j je ec c t ti i v ve e: : The CYP2D6 enz yme shows a wi de ran ge of poly morp hisms. It is respon sib le for the me ta bo lism of subs tan ces such as opi a tes that ha ve a gre at im por tan ce in fo rensic sci en ces. Ho we ver, so me mu ta ti ons da ma ge the ac ti vity of this enz yme and ca u se in ter rup ti on in me ta bo lism of the drugs which may le ad to unex pec ted ad ver se drug re ac ti ons, even to de ath. Alt ho ugh many stu di es ha ve de alt with CYP2D6 poly morp hism, the re is no re se arch con cer ning CYP2D6 enz yme poly morp hism and opi a te de pen den ce in our co untry. M Ma a t te e r ri i a al l a an nd d M Me et t h ho od ds s: : We ai med to in ves ti ga te the sing le nuc le o ti de poly morp hisms of CYP2D6*3, *4 and *6 al le les. Forty ni ne opi a te ad dicts and 34 con trol samp les we re stu di ed using tet ra-pri mer poly me ra se cha in re ac ti on (PCR) tech ni qu e in a sing le tu be and by dividing the pro to col in to two steps. R Re e s su ul lt ts s: : CYP2D6*4 and CYP2D6*6 al le les fre qu en ci es we re de ter mi ned as 0.082 and 0.031, res pec ti vely, however no sig ni fi cant re sult was ob ta i ned for CYP2D6*3. Al le le and ge noty pe fre qu en ci es of CYP2D6*4 and *6 for both opi a te ad dicts and con trol gro up we re in concordance with the Hardy-We in berg equ a ti on. C Co on nc c l lu u s si i o on n: : We sug gest that detection of CYP2D6 poly morp hism may cla rify the sud den-unex pec ted de aths du e to in to xi ca ti on of opi a te ad dicts and so me ne ga ti ve au topsy ca ses re la ted to me di cal or il licit drugs.K Ke ey y W Wo or rd ds s: : Pharmacogenetics; cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6; opioid-related disorders; drug toxicity Ö ÖZ ZE ET T A Am ma aç ç: : CYP2D6 en zi mi çok çe şit li po li mor fizm le ri gös te re bil mek te dir ve opi yat lar gi bi adli tıp bi li min de bü yük öne mi olan mad de le rin me ta bo liz ma sın dan so rum lu dur. Ay rı ca ba zı mutas yon lar bu en zi min ak ti vi te si ni bo zar ve alı nan ilaç la rın me ta bo liz ma sı nı ke sin ti ye uğ ra tır lar ki bu da bek len me yen ad vers ilaç re ak si yon la rı na hat ta ölü me yol aça bi lir. CYP2D6 po li mor fiz mi ile il gi li bir çok ça lış ma ol sa da bi zim ül ke miz de CYP2D6 en zim po li mor fiz mi ve opi yat ba ğım lı lı ğı ile il gi li ça lış ma bu lun ma mak ta dır. G Ge e r re eç ç v ve e Y Yö ön n t te em m l le er r: : CYP2D6*3, *4 ve *6 al lel le rin de ki tek nük le o tid po li mor fizm le ri ni araş tır ma yı amaç la dık. 49 opi yat ba ğım lı sı ve 34 kon trol den alı nan ör nek tet ra-pri mer po li me raz zin cir re ak si yo nu (PCR) tek ni ği ile tek tüp te ve pro to ko lü iki aşa-ma ya bö le rek ça lı şıl dı. B Bu ul l g gu u l la ar r: : CYP2D6*4 ve CYP2D6*6 al lel sık lık la rı sı ra sıy la 0.082 ve 0.031 ola rak be lir len di, bu nun la bir lik te CYP2D6*3 al le li ile il gi li hiç bir an lam lı so nuç el de edi le me di. Hem opi yat ba ğım lı la rı hem de kon trol gru bu için CYP2D6*4 ve *6'nın al lel ve ge no tip sık ...

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