Analysis of crude drugs using reversed-phase TLC/scanning densitometry. (II) Identification of ginseng, red ginseng, gentian, Japanese gentian, pueraria root, gardenia fruit, schisandra fruit and ginger

Abstract

Analysis of crude drugs using reversed-phase TLC/scanning densitometry. (II) Identification of ginseng, red ginseng, gentian, Japanese gentian, pueraria root, gardenia fruit, schisandra fruit and gingerAbstract We performed identification tests of the main components (ginsenoside-Rg 1 , gentiopicroside, puerarin, geniposide, schizandrin, and [6]-gingerol) of the following crude drugs from the Japanese Pharmacopoeia, 14th edition (JP14): ginseng, red ginseng, gentian, Japanese gentian, pueraria root, gardenia fruit, schisandra fruit, and ginger). The identification was carried out with reversed-phase thin-layer chromatography using water, acetonitrile, methanol, 2-butanone, and n-hexane as developing solvents. A single spot could be separated from other components (Rf value: 0.44-0.59). In addition, spectral information could be simultaneously obtained by scanning densitometry. Thus, the main components of crude drugs in the JP14 could be identified by this method simply, rapidly, and accurately.

Current knowledge of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. (Chinese magnolia vine) as a medicinal plant species: a review on the bioactive components, pharmacological properties, analytical and biotechnological studies

“…European Pharmacopoeia monograph recommend the use of TLC method to distinguish S. chinensis from S. sphenanthera , because fruit of the second species has different biosynthetic profile and is not considered as pharmacopoeial raw material. Lignans in S. chinensis fruit were analyzed by TLC with DART-MS (direct analysis in real time-mass spectrometry) detection, or with densitometric detection (Ohno et al 2006; Wang et al 1991). …”

Characterization of 6-Gingerol for In Vivo and In Vitro Ginger (Zingiber officinale) Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography

“…Likewise, this technique was found to be useful in validating the identity of 6-gingerol by several authors [14][15][16][17][18][19]. On other hand, He et al [9] reported that, the pungent compounds can be separated from ginger as groups by TLC on silica gel plates, but individual components cannot be well resolved.…”

“…This species contains biologically active constituents including nonvolatile pungent principles, such as the gingerols, shogaols, paradols and zingerone which produce the ''hot'' sensation in the mouth (Figure 1). Ginger has been increasingly used recently because of its low toxicity and its broad spectrum of biological and pharmacological applications [3,12,16,17,25]. The major oily constituents responsible for the pungent taste of ginger are homologous phenolic ketones known as gingerols [3].…”

Isolation and analysis of ginseng: advances and challenges

“…It is used for tests of purity, quick qualification or species identification in pharmacopoeias and the pharmaceutical industry. To avoid the harmful reagents noted in the 14th edition of the Japanese Pharmacopoeia, Ohno et al 135 developed a reversed-phase TLC using a sodium sulfate-acetonitrile-methanol solution instead of a chloroform-methanol-water solution as the developing solvent with Rg1 as the marker. Detection of ginseng saponins by TLC is usually achieved by sulfuric acid alone or its mixture with aromatic aldehydes like vanillin or anisaldehyde.…”