Analysis of circular polarization antenna design trade‐offs using low‐cost EM‐driven multiobjective optimization

Abstract

Circular polarization (CP) antennas are vital components of modern communication systems. Their design involves handling several requirements such as low reflection and axial ratio (AR) within the frequency range of interest. Small size is an important criterion for antenna mobility which is normally achieved as a by‐product of performance‐oriented modifications of the structure topology. In this work, multiobjective optimization is used in order to identify and analyze design trade‐offs for miniaturized CP antenna including the antenna capability for maintaining small size while retaining acceptable levels of other performance figures. We use a population‐based metaheuristic algorithm to obtain a set of designs which represent the best attainable compromise between the imposed requirements. To maintain a low optimization cost, the algorithm is executed on a cheap approximation model and the results are further corrected to bring them to the EM model accuracy level. Here, the analysis is carried out for a planar CP antenna. Achievable size reduction of the considered structure—while maintaining acceptable performance—is around 11%. Antenna performance in terms of in‐band reflection and AR varies from −14 to −10 dB and from 1.3 to 3 dB, respectively. The numerical results are validated by measurements of fabricated antenna prototypes.

Microwave antennas—An intrinsic part of RF energy harvesting systems: A contingent study about its design methodologies and state‐of‐art technologies in current scenario

“…Table B demonstrates RF‐to‐DC PCE (%) and amount of voltage harvested for the proposed antennas. It demonstrates the achievement of design tradeoffs such as polarization diversity, wide/broad axial bandwidth, high realized gain, consistent antenna efficiency, and directional pattern diversity. U‐shaped monopole antenna for GSM 900 bands loaded with PEC and AMC reflector Circular‐shaped monopole antenna with AMC reflector for wideband circular polarization Circular‐shaped monopole antenna with PEC reflector for broadband circular polarization Y‐shaped monopole antenna with PEC reflector for wideband circular polarization Y‐shaped monopole antenna with AMC reflector for broadband circular polarization …”

“…The relevant theories of basic forms of antennas are available in open literature . It is further classified into high performance antennas, metamaterial antennas, CP antennas, reconfigurable antennas, and array antennas . It is a strong belief that prerequisites need to be cleared before using the implicit technique in proposed antenna models.…”

“…[107][108][109] The relevant theories of basic forms of antennas are available in open literature. 36,65,70,75,80,85,91,96,101,104,107 It is further classified into high performance antennas, [110][111][112][113]159 metamaterial antennas, [114][115][116][117][160][161][162] CP antennas, [118][119][120][121][122][123][124][125][126][127][164][165][166][167][168][169][170][171][172][173][174][175][176][177] reconfigurable antennas,…”

“…Table 8B demonstrates RF-to-DC PCE (%) and amount of voltage harvested for the proposed antennas. It demonstrates the achievement of design tradeoffs such as polarization diversity, [164][165][166][167][168][169][170][171][172][173][174][175][176][177] wide/broad axial bandwidth, high realized gain, consistent antenna efficiency, and directional pattern diversity.…”

Locating Pareto optimal designs of antenna through parallel multiobjective evolutionary algorithm

“…For many antenna designs, there are several performance characteristics to be synthesized 1‐11 . It is hard to find a single design to trade off all design objectives because a design improving one performance characteristic might destroy another one 1 .…”