Analysis of Circuits for Security Using Logic Encryption

Chandini, Bandarupalli; M, Nirmala Devi

doi:10.1007/978-981-13-5826-5_40

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Early sowing resulted in taller plants because of a longer growth cycle and favorable weather, which favored profuse vegetative growth whereas late sowing experienced comparatively lower temperatures during the later growth stages resulting in a lower height of the crop. 21,22 At all phenological stages of the crop, weed management strategies had a substantial effect on plant height. Effective weed management through conoweeding (equivalent to weed free) could explain this development with repetitive mechanized weedings at 15, 30, 45, and 60 DAS that helped in keeping the crop free of weeds up to the critical stage of cropweed interference resulting in efficient nutrient uptake and development of the crop.…”

Section: ■ Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Sowing Time and Weed Management Practices on the Performance and Weed Dynamics of Direct Drum Seeded Rice

et al. 2023

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Direct drum seeding has emerged as a viable and alternate substitute to the current transplanted rice to address constraints of labor and water scarcity as well as rising cultivation costs. However, heavy weed infestation is the main biological factor leading to immense yield loss, which requires immediate attention. Therefore, adoption of efficient weed management practice is critical for the success and widespread adoption of direct seeded rice. In this regard, an experiment was laid out at the Faculty of Agriculture, Wadura, SKUAST of Kashmir, India, in Kharif seasons of 2018 and 2019 to assess the efficiency of direct seeded rice (DSR) under two sowing dates (D1: 10th May and D2: 3rd June) and six weed management strategies (W1: weedy check (untreated check), W2: four mechanized conoweedings at 15, 30, 45, and 60 DAS (days after sowing), equivalent to weed free (four conoweedings, equivalent to weed free), W3: bensulfuron-methyl + pretilachlor @ 60 and 600 g a.i. ha–1 as pre-emergence (BSM + pretilachlor, PE), W4: oxyfluorfen @ 750 g a.i. ha–1 as pre-emergence (oxyfluorfen, PE), W5: bensulfuron-methyl + pretilachlor @ 60 and 600 g a.i. ha–1 as pre-emergence followed by 2,4-D @ 0.75 kg a.i. ha–1 as post-emergence (30–35 DAS) (BSM + pretilachlor PE fb 2,4-D PoE), and W6: oxyfluorfen @ 750 g a.i. ha–1 as pre-emergence followed by 2,4-D @ 0.75 kg a.i. ha–1 as post-emergence (30–35 DAS) (oxyfluorfen PE fb 2,4-D PoE) on growth characteristics, productivity, weed infestation, and nutrient dynamics. The pooled results showed that 10th May sowing recorded significantly higher values of growth characteristics viz. plant height, dry matter production, tiller count, and yield characteristics, including panicle weight, panicle length, filled grains per panicle, and test weight, as compared to delayed sowing (3rd June). Earlier sowing (10th May) produced significantly higher grain yield (7.33 t ha–1) and straw yield (8.99 t ha–1) when compared to the delayed sowing (3rd June) which produced a grain yield of 6.08 t ha–1 and straw yield of 7.93 t ha–1. Among weed management strategies, four mechanized conoweeding at 15, 30, 45, and 60 DAS resulted in enhanced growth, yield characteristics, and yield but was statistically similar to bensulfuron-methyl (BSM) + pretilachlor PE fb 2,4-D post-emergence (PoE). Delayed sowing (3rd June; D2) recorded significantly higher weed density and dry-weed biomass as compared to earlier sowing (10th May; D1). Among the herbicides tested, sequential application of BSM + pretilachlor PE fb 2,4-D PoE proved an efficient weed management practice with a significantly reduced population and dry weight of weeds. Therefore, it was concluded that 10th May sowing with four mechanized conoweedings or sequential application of BSM + pretilachlor PE fb 2,4-D PoE is promising for improving productivity and efficient weed control in direct drum seeded rice under temperate Kashmir conditions.

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Section: ■ Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Sowing Time and Weed Management Practices on the Performance and Weed Dynamics of Direct Drum Seeded Rice

et al. 2023

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“…Therefore, not all the inputs are utilized in overall circuits so that all the unused inputs are framed as a sub-circuit module function to reduce the area and also obtain the security of a processor. These methods are efficient in security to confuse attackers which are complex to identify a circuit functionality which is presented by Chandini et al [15]. Lao et al [16] performed logic locking (LL) techniques for digital signal processing applications which is inspired from the cyber security competitions.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of Logically Obfuscated Memory and Arithmetic Logic Unit for Improved Hardware Security

Usharani¹,

Sakthivel²,

Jayaram³

et al. 2022

Intelligent Automation &Amp; Soft Computing

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In any kind of digital system, the processor and memories are used to play a vital role in today's trend. The processors and memories are done many critical tasks in the system. Whereas the processor used to do several functions and memories used to store and retrieve the data. But these processors and memories are more vulnerable to various hardware attacks. By using several new devices may lead to many security issues which the attackers can leverage to introduce a new hardware attack. Various hardware security (HS) studies have been presented to prevent hardware from a security issue. Some of the security issues that are occurred in hardware are overbuilding, piracy and reverse engineering (RE) and so on. In many works of literature, obfuscating and camouflaging are done in the netlist of hardware devices. Even though, these methods are highly overheads, and also not secured up to the level of expectation. Therefore, the main motive of Hardware security is to secure an Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) processor and memory unit from the various threats. In this work, a Configurable GDI based Locking cell (GLC) is proposed which is added as redundant to the original netlist of ALU and memory units for its hardware protection. The basic concept of configurable GLC is to perform a wire or inverter by using keys to obfuscate an attacker. This GLC logic can overcome the drawback of existing methods based on obfuscation and cryptographic techniques. The results show that proposed GLC is possible in any kind of memory system, all with low area and delay penalty.

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Lightweight Logic Obfuscation in Combinational Circuits for Improved Security—An Analysis

Mohankumar

Jayakumar

Devi

2021

Expert Clouds and Applications

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Analysis of Circuits for Security Using Logic Encryption

Cited by 6 publications

References 9 publications

Influence of Sowing Time and Weed Management Practices on the Performance and Weed Dynamics of Direct Drum Seeded Rice

Influence of Sowing Time and Weed Management Practices on the Performance and Weed Dynamics of Direct Drum Seeded Rice

Design of Logically Obfuscated Memory and Arithmetic Logic Unit for Improved Hardware Security

Lightweight Logic Obfuscation in Combinational Circuits for Improved Security—An Analysis

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