Analysis of a possible association between oral lichen planus and drug intake. A controlled study

Abstract

Objectives: To investigate whether daily systemic and/or topical medication contributes to the development of oral lichen planus (OLP) lesions. Study Design: The study involved 110 OLP patients and 76 control subjects, matched by age, race and sex. The analyzed data included medical records, drug intake and topical medication. Criteria for analysis of drug intake included: (1) ATC-code drug classification; (2) number of different drugs used daily in the categories of monopharmacy (1 drug), minor polypharmacy (2-4 drugs), and major polypharmacy (> 5 drugs); and (3) drugs implicated in lichenoid reactions (DILRs). Results: Sixty (54.5%) of the 110 OLP patients reported daily medication (prior to the appearance of the OLP lesion) compared to 52 (68.4%) of the 76 control subjects. No statistical difference was found between the two groups in terms of systemic diseases, number of medicated individuals in the categories of mono-and polypharmacy, nor use of DILRs (P > 0.05). Regarding the clinical forms and site of involvement, a statistically significant difference was only found for the clinical erosive form of OLP, seen more frequently in non-DILR (P = 0.04) and nonmedicated OLP patients (P = 0.02) than in DILR OLP patients. Daily use of topical oral medication was reported by 2 (1.8%) OLP patients and 1 (1.3%) control subject. Conclusions: It seems that the use of systemic medication does not lead to a significant increase in the incidence of OLP lesions. For their part, lichenoid drug reactions are likely to occur only in a very low percentage of patients.

Association of Oral Lichen Planus with Autoimmune Diseases in A Northern Serbia Population: Matched Case-Control Study and Literature Review

“…A very similar odd ratio estimates were found by Siponen et al [11] for the associacion of any thyroid diseases and OLP, particularly with hypothyroidism. Except in present study, a higher intake of thyroid medication among patients with OLP has also been found in three additional studies [24, 25,13]. Recent publication by Robledo-Sierra et al [13] suggested that it is hypothyroidism and not the drug that is associated with OLP.…”

“…Eleven of them had histological confirmation of all cases with distinguish between OLP and OLL [1,11,23,25,[27][28][29][30][31][32][33] and five presented with control group [11,13,24,25,27]. It can be noticed clear difference in reported coexistence of thyroid gland pathosis and OLP between Northern and Central European countries (Finland [11], Czech Republic [28] and Croatia [34]) and Southern Mediterranean countries (Italy [1,26] and Turkey [29]).…”

Prevalência de Candida spp e xerostomia em pacientes com líquen plano oral. Um estudo grupo-controle

“…Características demográficas do presente estudo mostraram que o LPO ocorreu predominantemente em indivíduos acima de 40 anos (média 50 anos) e do sexo feminino (proporção mulher/homem de 3.1:1), em concordância com o observado em estudos semelhantes (Eisen, 2002;Xue et al, 2005;Ingafou et al, 2006;Hirota et al, [2010]). Embora esta relação não foi verificada no presente estudo, a condição xerostômica 50 fora mais associada aos grupos de pacientes com lesões orais (LPO e não-LPO: 41%) do que no grupo de indivíduos sem lesões orais (controle-saudável: 25%).…”

“…Estudos relativos ao consumo de álcool e tabaco por portadores de LPO constataram que o número de pacientes LPO que possuem esses hábitos nocivos não é maior quando comparado com a população em geral (Gorsky et al, 1996;Silverman;Bahl, 1997;Mignona et al, 2001, Hirota et al, [2010). …”

“…De acordo com resultados de alguns estudos, a prevalência de tabagismo e etilismo em pacientes com LPO não apresenta diferença estatisticamente significante da observada na população em geral (Gorsky et al, 1996;Silverman;Bahl, 1997;Hirota et al, 2010). Porém, a investigação desses hábitos deve ser sempre incluída 16 em estudos clínicos, sobretudo em pacientes com lesões potencialmente cancerizáveis.…”