Analysis and Control of Energy Storage Systems in Microgrid

Zhang, Xing; Hao, Mukai; Liu, Fang; Yu, Cheng‐Chieh; Zhao, Wei

doi:10.1109/isdea.2012.529

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The energy storage is connected to the grid through a micro-source, and absorbs power via the electronic converter. Subsequently, the energy storage exports power to the network in the island mode, enhancing the system's quality and stability [14]. The energy storage can be distributed via two applications: utilisation-scale and small-scale applications.…”

Section: (B)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cybersecurity of Microgrid: State-of-the-Art Review and Possible Directions of Future Research

et al. 2021

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The infrastructure of and processes involved in a microgrid electrical system require advanced technology to facilitate connection among its various components in order to provide the intelligence and automation that can benefit users. As a consequence, the microgrid has vulnerabilities that can expose it to a wide range of attacks. If they are not adequately addressed, these vulnerabilities may have a destructive impact on a country’s critical infrastructure and economy. While the impact of exploiting vulnerabilities in them is understood, research on the cybersecurity of microgrids is inadequate. This paper provides a comprehensive review of microgrid cybersecurity. In particular, it (1) reviews the state-of-the-art microgrid electrical systems, communication protocols, standards, and vulnerabilities while highlighting prevalent solutions to cybersecurity-related issues in them; (2) provides recommendations to enhance the security of these systems by segregating layers of the microgrid, and (3) identifies the gap in research in the area, and suggests directions for future work to enhance the cybersecurity of microgrids.

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Section: (B)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cybersecurity of Microgrid: State-of-the-Art Review and Possible Directions of Future Research

et al. 2021

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“…Luego, los valores de idref e iqref son utilizados por otro lazo de control para calcular las tensiones de referencia para la estrategia de modulación implementada. Por otra parte, en [35] los autores calculan las P y Q de referencia utilizando control de inclinación (Droop Control en inglés) para compensar pequeñas desviaciones en frecuencia (modificando P) y en la magnitud de la tensión (modificando Q). Luego, las P y Q deseadas se utilizan por compensadores PI para generar las idref e iqref, las cuales, a su vez, se utilizan en lazos de control internos para generar las tensiones de referencia para la estrategia de modulación.…”

Section: Control De Potenciaunclassified

Control en cuatro cuadrantes de un inversor de puente completo conectado a la red eléctrica

Ramos-Paja

aavedra-Montes

Bastidas‐Rodríguez

2020

revuin

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Los sistemas de almacenamiento de energía (SAE) son elementos claves en las microrredes para garantizar la estabilidad en la magnitud de la tensión y la frecuencia. Los SAE se conectan a la microrred por medio de inversores bidireccionales cuya potencia compleja de salida pueda estar en cualquiera de los cuatro cuadrantes y es definida por un control de alto nivel. Este artículo presenta un sistema de control por histéresis para un inversor monofásico con filtro inductivo conectado a la red que permite obtener potencia compleja en cualquiera de los cuatro cuadrantes. El sistema de control está compuesto por un lazo interno de control de corriente por histéresis y un método para calcular la referencia de corriente a partir de las potencias activa y reactiva deseadas. La referencia de corriente puede estar adelantada o atrasada respecto a la tensión de la red, para operar en los cuatro cuadrantes, y puede tener diferentes valores de magnitud, para obtener diferentes valores de potencia aparente. El inversor y el sistema de control son implementados en el software PSIM para verificar su correcto funcionamiento. Los resultados muestran que es posible obtener diferentes valores de potencia aparente en cualquiera de los cuatro cuadrantes del plano complejo.

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“…Due to the expansion and improvement of technologies for the construction of renewable energy power generation systems, there are growing numbers of both AC and DC microgrids. Although each of these microgrids has its own particularities, the types of topologies used can represent a significant number of the variants in the construction of microgrids, and we can identify some elements of great importance in the microgrid architecture, one of them being, of course, the DC-AC or DC-DC converter [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improved Performance in the Control of DC-DC Three-Phase Power Electronic Converter Using Fractional-Order SMC and Synergetic Controllers and RL-TD3 Agent

Nicola¹,

Nicola²

2022

Fractal Fract

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In this article, starting from a benchmark represented by a Direct Current-to-Direct Current (DC-DC) three-phase power electronic converter used as an interface and interconnection between the grid and a DC microgrid, we compare the performances of a series of control structures—starting with the classical proportional integrator (PI) type and continuing with more advanced ones, such as sliding mode control (SMC), integer-order synergetic, and fractional-order (FO) controllers—in terms of maintaining the constant DC voltage of the DC microgrid. We present the topology and the mathematical modeling using differential equations and transfer functions of the DC-DC three-phase power electronic converter that provides the interface between the grid and a DC microgrid. The main task of the presented control systems is to maintain the DC voltage supplied to the microgrid at an imposed constant value, regardless of the total value of the current absorbed by the consumers connected to the DC microgrid. We present the elements of fractional calculus that were used to synthesize a first set of FO PI, FO tilt-integral-derivative (TID), and FO lead-lag controllers with Matlab R2021b and the Fractional-order Modeling and Control (FOMCON) toolbox, and these controllers significantly improved the control system performance of the DC-DC three-phase power electronic converter compared to classical PI controllers. The next set of proposed and synthesized controllers were based on SMC, together with its more general and flexible synergetic control variant, and both integer-order and FO controllers were developed. The proposed control structures are cascade control structures combining the SMC properties of robustness and control over nonlinear systems for the outer voltage control loop with the use of properly tuned synergetic controllers to obtain faster response time for the inner current control loop. To achieve superior performance, this type of cascade control also used a properly trained reinforcement learning-twin delayed deep deterministic policy gradient (RL-TD3) agent, which provides correction signals overlapping with the command signals of the current and voltage controllers. We present the Matlab/Simulink R2021b implementations of the synthesized controllers and the RL-TD3 agent, along with the results of numerical simulations performed for the comparison of the performance of the control structures.

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Analysis and Control of Energy Storage Systems in Microgrid

Cited by 4 publications

References 4 publications

Cybersecurity of Microgrid: State-of-the-Art Review and Possible Directions of Future Research

Cybersecurity of Microgrid: State-of-the-Art Review and Possible Directions of Future Research

Control en cuatro cuadrantes de un inversor de puente completo conectado a la red eléctrica

Improved Performance in the Control of DC-DC Three-Phase Power Electronic Converter Using Fractional-Order SMC and Synergetic Controllers and RL-TD3 Agent

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