Analysing behavioural differences of farm households: An example of income diversification strategies based on European farm survey data

Weltin, Meike; Zasada, Ingo; Franke, Christian; Piorr, Annette; Raggi, Meri; Viaggi, Davide

doi:10.1016/j.landusepol.2016.11.041

Cited by 111 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Short supply chains build the major "deepening" activity. This vertical integration steps out of and differentiates from traditional long food chains [4,28,31,[47][48][49][50][51]. Locally embedded value chains reduce, firstly, dependency on global markets and, secondly, contribute to a stronger multifunctionality of agriculture [42].…”

Section: City-proximitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Location Matters: Determinants for “Deepening” and “Broadening” Diversification Strategies in Ruhr Metropolis’ Urban Farming

Pölling

Mergenthaler

2017

Sustainability

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Consumer-oriented diversification activities, such as direct sale ("deepening") as well as tourism services and care farming ("broadening"), are common business strategies of farms within urban areas. This empirical study investigates determinants of urban farming's diversification decisions by analyzing a dataset of 123 farmers in German Ruhr Metropolis. Binary logit models are used here as econometric method to determine characteristics influencing the decision to diversify. Farm characteristics, which encourage the implementation of "deepening" strategies, are: larger farm sizes, high-value production, organic farming, and livestock production. By contrast, the consumer-oriented "broadening" strategies tourism services and care farming prevail on smaller farms and on farms with horses and higher grassland shares. Agricultural extension services increase the odds to diversify. The results of the conducted binary logistic regressions show increasing odds and predicted probabilities for "deepening" and "broadening" activities when approaching the city. Farms' location advantages close to cities can be used best when applying consumer-oriented "deepening" or "broadening" strategies; namely, direct sale or other short supply chains, tourism services, and care farming. Viable business strategies of urban farming support a forward-looking integration into urban economy, society, and decision-making.

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Section: City-proximitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Location Matters: Determinants for “Deepening” and “Broadening” Diversification Strategies in Ruhr Metropolis’ Urban Farming

Pölling

Mergenthaler

2017

Sustainability

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“…Samson et al (2016) [14] also studied age as a reflection of the farmers' values, goals and strategies, and showed no relationship with DP increase, which is rather a GBI characteristic. On the contrary, on the basis of data from 11 countries of the European Union, Weltin et al (2017) [12] observed an effect of age on the tendency towards diversification, which is rather a LBE tendency.…”

Section: Production Factorsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Verhees et al (2018) [13] observed that producers projecting strategies similar to the LBE model consider the market more as a threat than producers projecting strategies similar to the GBI model. Hansson et al (2010) [34] and Weltin et al (2017) [12] explained that this uncertainty and risk perception can explain the choice of diversification, which is a part of the strategy of the LBE model. Couzy and Dockès (2008) [5] demonstrated different profiles of farmers and observed the entrepreneurship mentality of each one, which highlights similar tendencies to those presented here.…”

Section: Reaction To External Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

How do dairy farmers wish their future farm?

Dalcq

Dogot

Beckers

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Dairy farming systems are evolving. This study presents dairy producers’ perceptions of their ideal future farm (IFF) to ensure revenue and attempts to determine the reasons for this choice, the environmental aspects related to this choice, the proximity between the current farm and the IFF and the requirements for reaching this IFF. Just before the end of the European milk quota, a total of 245 dairy producers answered a survey about the characteristics of their IFF and other socio-environmental-economic information. A multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) was carried out using seven characteristics of IFF (intensive vs. extensive, specialised vs. diversified, strongly vs. weakly based on new technologies, managed by a group of managers vs. an independent farmer, employed vs. familial workforce, local vs. global market, standard vs. quality-differentiated production). Based on the main contributors to the second dimension of MCA, this axis was defined as an IFF gradient between the local-based extensive (LBE) producers (26%) and the global-based intensive (GBI) producers (46%). The differences of IFF gradient between modalities of qualitative variables were estimated using generalised linear models. Pearson correlations were calculated between the scores on the IFF gradient and quantitative variables. Finally, frequencies for IFF characteristic and the corresponding characteristic for the current situation were calculated to determine the percentages of “unhappy” producers. Some reasons for the choice of IFF by the producers have been highlighted in this study. Environmental initiatives were more valued by LBE than GBI producers. Low similarity was observed between the current farm situation of the respondents and their IFF choice. LBE and GBI producers differed significantly regarding domains of formation (technical and bureaucratic vs transformation and diversification respectively) and paths of formation (non-market vs. market respectively). Two kinds of farming systems were considered by dairy producers and some socioeconomic and environmental components differed between them.

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“…From the late 1980s, several studies have discarded the long-held assumption that family farms must inevitably give way to industrial farms and changed the focus from the internal aspects of the family farm household to the active strategies developed by farmers to achieve their goals (Barbieri et al 2008;Barbieri and Valdivia 2010;Davidova and Thomson 2014;Knutson et al 1998;Moran et al 1996;Van der Ploeg 1993Weltin et al 2017;Wilson 2008). Intensification and specialisation, diversification to agricultural and/or non-agricultural enterprises (e.g., value-added production and rural tourism) as well as pluri-activity and pluri-income, are identified as important adaptation strategies to cope with market pressures and changing political framework conditions, and to reduce economic risk.…”

Section: Frame Analytic Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Concept of Family Farming in the Portuguese Political Discourse

Dinis

2019

Social Sciences

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Although several countries have outlined national and multi-criteria definitions, family farming is not well defined in most countries including Portugal, making it difficult to assess its real importance as well as the reasons underlying the design and the success/failure of particular policies. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the framing of family farming in the Portuguese political discourse by applying content analysis to a range of national policies and planning documents. The results show little reference to family farming in political documents and a conceptualization of family farming made in antagonism to professional or entrepreneurial farmers. aiming to protect the rights of rural workers, including fishermen, nomads, indigenous peoples, pastoralists and other agricultural workers, such as peasants, which are defined in the declaration as 'any person who engages in small-scale agricultural production for subsistence and/or for the market, and who relies significantly, though not necessarily exclusively, on family or household labour and other non-monetized ways of organizing labour, and who has a special dependency on and attachment to the land' (UN 2018).Following the declaration of the IYFF, the European Commission (EC) promoted a conference on the subject 'Family farming: A dialogue towards more sustainable and resilient farming in Europe and the world', preceded by a public consultation about the role of family farming, key challenges and priorities for the future. Throughout 2014 many family farming events were organized in many EU Member States, including Portugal. The debate and reflection carried out in Portugal allowed more in-depth knowledge about small family farming and emphasized the need for a Family Farming Statute (FFS) which was recently published by the Portuguese government. Nevertheless, as in other countries, it is still unclear what the perception of the Portuguese policy makers is towards the very concept of family farming and how they really address it in the design of sectorial policy. Furthermore, analyses of the discourse on family farming as developed by politicians, is of interest not only because it may explain the design of the agriculture policies, whether general or specifically targeted, but also their success/failure.The aim of the present study is to understand: (i) How family farming has evolved in Portugal after adhesion to the EU; (ii) how family farming has been framed in Portuguese policy strategies, and how the framing has changed over time; (iii) if the perception of the Portuguese public administration has followed the evolution of the concept of family farming in the literature.To answer the first question, statistical data, available in Statistics Portugal, was collected and analysed, with special emphasis on the Census of Agriculture. The second question will be addressed through the analysis of 28 public policy documents. Responding to the third question involves a conceptual analysis of the empirical findings in the context of the body o...

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Analysing behavioural differences of farm households: An example of income diversification strategies based on European farm survey data

Cited by 111 publications

References 43 publications

The Location Matters: Determinants for “Deepening” and “Broadening” Diversification Strategies in Ruhr Metropolis’ Urban Farming

The Location Matters: Determinants for “Deepening” and “Broadening” Diversification Strategies in Ruhr Metropolis’ Urban Farming

How do dairy farmers wish their future farm?

The Concept of Family Farming in the Portuguese Political Discourse

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