Analyses of the floral organ morphogenesis and the differentially expressed genes of an apetalous flower mutant in Brassica napus

Zhou, Yuntao; Wang, H. Y.; Zhou, Liangxue; Wang, M. P.; Li, H. P.; Wang, M. L.; Zhao, Yun

doi:10.1007/s00299-007-0426-4

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Many vegetable and oilseed crops belong to Brassica species. The seed production of these crops is hampered often by abnormal floral organs, especially under conditions of abiotic stress ( Zhou et al, 2008 ; Huang et al, 2010 ). Similar to Arabidopsis , both B. rapa and B. napus are members of the Cruciferae family.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defective APETALA2 Genes Lead to Sepal Modification in Brassica Crops

et al. 2018

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Many vegetable and oilseed crops belong to Brassica species. The seed production of these crops is hampered often by abnormal floral organs, especially under the conditions of abiotic conditions. However, the molecular reasons for these abnormal floral organs remains poorly understood. Here, we report a novel pistil-like flower mutant of B. rapa. In the flower of this mutant, the four sepals are modified to one merged carpel that look like a ring in the sepal positions, enveloping some abnormal stamens and a pistil, and resulting in poor seed production. This novel mutant is named sepal-carpel modification (scm). DNA sequencing showed that the BrAP2a gene, the ortholog of Arabidopsis APETALA2 (AP2) that specifies sepal identity, losses the function of in scm mutant due to a 119-bp repeated sequence insertion that resulted in an early transcription termination. BrAP2b, the paralog of BrAP2a featured two single-nucleotide substitutions that cause a single amino acid substitution in the highly conserved acidic serine-rich transcriptional activation domain. Each of the two BrAP2 genes rescues the sepal defective phenotype of the ap2-5 mutant of Arabidopsis. Furthermore, the knockout mutation of the corresponding BnAP2 genes of oilseed rape (B. napus) by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing system resulted in scm-like phenotype. These results suggest that BrAP2 gene plays a key role in sepal modification. Our finding provides an insight into molecular mechanism underlying morphological modification of floral organs and is useful for genetic manipulation of flower modification and improvement of seed production of Brassica crops.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defective APETALA2 Genes Lead to Sepal Modification in Brassica Crops

et al. 2018

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“…Moreover, the individual copy number in flowering time was found to be highly variable in a representative diversity set, although this did not affect all copies equally (Schiessl et al, 2017b). At the same time, several transcriptomic studies have shown that expression patterns vary a lot between copies of the same Arabidopsis homolog, with different expression maxima, different tissue or age specificity or different reactivity to stress (Zhou et al, 2007;Guo et al, 2014;Shah et al, 2018;Kittipol et al, 2019;Schiessl et al, 2019a). Together, this indicates that flowering time genes in B. napus underwent considerable subfunctionalization.…”

Section: What Is Different To Arabidopsis Thaliana?mentioning

confidence: 96%

Regulation and Subfunctionalization of Flowering Time Genes in the Allotetraploid Oil Crop Brassica napus

Schiessl

2020

Front. Plant Sci.

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Flowering is a vulnerable, but crucial phase in building crop yield. Proper timing of this period is therefore decisive in obtaining optimal yields. However, genetic regulation of flowering integrates many different environmental signals and is therefore extremely complex. This complexity increases in polyploid crops which carry two or more chromosome sets, like wheat, potato or rapeseed. Here, I summarize the current state of knowledge about flowering time gene copies in rapeseed (Brassica napus), an important oil crop with a complex polyploid history and a close relationship to Arabidopsis thaliana. The current data show a high demand for more targeted studies on flowering time genes in crops rather than in models, allowing better breeding designs and a deeper understanding of evolutionary principles. Over evolutionary time, some copies of rapeseed flowering time genes changed or lost their original role, resulting in subfunctionalization of the respective homologs. For useful applications in breeding, such patterns of subfunctionalization need to be identified and better understood.

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“…The SSH technique is a powerful approach to obtain transcripts that are specifically or differentially expressed in a particular tissue. This technique has been successfully used in the isolation of floral genes from various species including Asarum caudigerum (Zhao et al 2006), Lilium longiflorum (Hsu et al 2007) and apetalous flower mutant of Brassica napus (Zhou et al 2008). In addition, we also further analysed the gene copy number of selected transcripts from the flower buds of mangosteen and their transcript profiles in flowers of different developmental stages and young shoots.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isolation and characterization of floral transcripts from mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.)

Chan

Yeoh

Lim

et al. 2009

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The understanding of flower initiation, development, and maturation in mangosteen is of paramount importance to shorten its long juvenile phase and to synchronize its flowering or fruiting time. In this study, we have identified 97 tentative unique genes with higher expression levels in young flower buds compared to young shoots by using suppressive subtraction hybridization and reverse northern analysis. Sequence analysis showed that 63.9% of these transcripts had non-significant matches to sequences in the non-redundant protein database in GenBank, 19.6% had significant matches to unknown proteins while the remaining 16.5% had putative functions in transcription, stress, signal transduction, cell wall biogenesis, photosynthesis and miscellaneous. The full-length cDNA of GmAGMBP encoding AG-motif binding protein (a zinc finger transcriptional factor), and 3 0 termini cDNA sequences of GmHSA32 and GmBZIP, encoding heatstress-associated 32 (HSA32) and bZIP transcription factor, respectively; were cloned and further analysed. Real-time PCR analysis revealed that these three genes have different transcript profiles in flowers of different developmental stages and young shoots. The highest abundance of transcripts was achieved in flowers with diameters ranging from 0.5 to 0.9 cm for GmAGMBP and GmBZIP and in flowers with diameters less than 0.5 cm for GmHSA32. Southern analysis suggested that GmAGMBP might be single copy gene while GmHSA3A could possibly belong to a small gene family in the mangosteen genome.

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Analyses of the floral organ morphogenesis and the differentially expressed genes of an apetalous flower mutant in Brassica napus

Cited by 9 publications

References 26 publications

Defective APETALA2 Genes Lead to Sepal Modification in Brassica Crops

Defective APETALA2 Genes Lead to Sepal Modification in Brassica Crops

Regulation and Subfunctionalization of Flowering Time Genes in the Allotetraploid Oil Crop Brassica napus

Isolation and characterization of floral transcripts from mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.)

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