Analogical Reasoning in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Evidence From an Eye-Tracking Approach

Tan, Enda; Wu, Xueyuan; Nishida, Tracy; Huang, Dan; Chen, Zhe; Yi, Li

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00847

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Our results therefore suggest that impaired joint attention, a characteristic of ASD, corresponds to a lower level of analogical reasoning in children with ASD. Most reports of earlier studies describe comparable performance in analogical reasoning between ASD and control groups when IQ scores were matched (Morsanyi & Holyoak, 2010 ; Scott & Baron‐Cohen, 1996 ; Tan et al, 2018 ). If joint attention deficits are a general marker of autistic pathology, those studies contradict the present results because individuals with ASD are then expected to have a lower level of analogical reasoning.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Joint attention and intelligence in children with autism spectrum disorder without severe intellectual disability

et al. 2021

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In children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), joint attention is regarded as a predictor of language function, social skills, communication, adaptive function, and intelligence. However, existing information about the association between joint attention and intelligence is limited. Most such studies have examined children with low intelligence. For this study, we investigated whether joint attention is related to intelligence in young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) without severe intellectual disability. We analyzed 113 children with ASD aged 40-98 months. Their Kaufman Assessment Battery (K-ABC) Mental Processing Index (MPI) scores are 60 and more (mean 93.4). We evaluated their intelligence using K-ABC and evaluated their joint attention using ADOS-2. After we performed simple regression analyses using K-ABC MPI and its nine subscales as dependent variables, using joint attention as the independent variable, we identified joint attention as a positive predictor of the MPI and its two subscales. From this result, we conclude that joint attention is related to intelligence in young children with ASD without severe intellectual disability. This result suggests a beneficial effect of early intervention targeting joint attention for children with ASD. Lay SummaryJoint attention is the ability to coordinate visual attention with another person and then shift one's gaze toward an object or event. Impairment of joint attention is regarded as an early marker of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study revealed impairment of joint attention as associated with lower intelligence in ASD children. These results are expected to constitute a rationale for future studies, particularly addressing beneficial effects of early intervention targeting joint attention for children with ASD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Joint attention and intelligence in children with autism spectrum disorder without severe intellectual disability

et al. 2021

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“…En la Tabla 1 se sintetiza la información de 3 estudios que fueron localizados en relación con las habilidades cognitivas generales y el razonamiento de personas TEA. Estos resultados informan de déficits en velocidad de procesamiento, memoria de trabajo y comprensión verbal (Rabiee et al 2019), así como un peor desempeño en la resolución de problemas, habilidades de cálculo (Bullen et al, 2020) y razonamiento analógico (Tan et al, 2018), en comparación con el grupo DT.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…El estudio de Wiklund y & Laakso (2021) es el que mayor riesgo de sesgo presenta, concretamente un alto riesgo de sesgo de selección y sesgo de exposición. Mientras que los estudios de Bullen et al (2020) 2018), porque el procedimiento de selección del grupo control no cumple criterios metodológicos y en otros estudios, como son los de Bochinska et al, 2020;Henry et al, 2019;Tan et al, 2018, porque carecen de una definición clara de la confección del grupo control. Varios de los estudios también presentan un alto riesgo de sesgo de exposición, algunos de ellos porque no han utilizado los mismos métodos para la determinación de los casos y los controles (o no lo han especificado) y, además, la mayoría de los estudios no informan de la tasa de no-respuesta, exceptuando los estudios de Alsaedi et al ( 2020 2019).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

“…En ocasiones, estas alteraciones no se dan en un dominio cognitivo de manera generalizada, sino en procesos y subdominios cognitivos concretos. De esta forma, en relación con las habilidades cognitivas generales y el razonamiento, se halla que las habilidades de cálculo y resolución de problemas (Bullen et al, 2020), así como el razonamiento analógico (Tan et al, 2018) y las habilidades de escritura (Price et al, 2019) se encuentran alteradas. Por otro lado, en la literatura previa se obtienen resultados contradictorios: mientras que algunos estudios sugieren un rendimiento superior en pruebas de carácter manipulativo frente a las verbales, otros estudios sugieren lo contrario (Nedelcu, &y Buceta, 2012); estas diferencias podrían explicarse por la heterogeneidad clínica y nivel de gravedad dentro del espectro TEA.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

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Perfil cognitivo del trastorno del espectro autista en población infantojuvenil: una revisión sistemática

Fernández-Alvarado¹,

Onandia-Hinchado²

2022

RPCNA

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Cognitive profile of Autism Spectrum Disorder in children and adolescents: a systematic review. Contradictory results have been found in relation to the cognitive profile that characterizes the population with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The aim of this systematic review is to synthesize the available evidence about the cognitive deficits associated with ASD in children and adolescents. 26 studies were selected, encompassing the findings of a total of 1,229 child-young individuals with a diagnosis of ASD and 1,052 typically developing (TD). Studies since 2018 that compared performance in cognitive domains in between those populations were included. The results suggest that ASD present cognitive functioning that differs significantly from that of their peers with TD, with specific alterations in cognitive processes and domains, which is related to the way in which they process information and involves the affectation of other cognitive domains such attention, memory, executive functions, language, and social cognition. The main limitations of this review refer to the size of the sample in relation to the great variety of cognitive domains studied and the associated theoretical constructs, as well as the existence of a gender bias in the diagnosis of ASD. This work provides useful information on the cognitive profile of ASD, because studying and defining deeply the cognitive characterization of this population can contribute to improving early detection and the effectiveness of both clinical and educational interventions

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“…Sejalan dengan penelitian tersebut, penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Tan, dkk (2018) juga menunjukkan bahwa metode analogi bagus untuk diterapkan bagi pembelajaran anak tunagrahita meskipun mereka kurang memperhatikan aspek-aspek relasi dari objek (Tan et al, 2018). Selain itu, dari data yang diambil dari penelitian yang dilakukan oleh Justica, dkk tahun 2015 menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan model pembelajaran analogi dapat memberikan hasil yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan pembelajaran menggunakan model discovery learning (Justica et al, 2015).…”

Section: Pendahuluanunclassified

Pengenalan Huruf Arab Berbasis Analogi Benda melalui Media ABATA bagi Anak Tunagrahita

Romadhon

Thoriquttyas

Hanafi

et al. 2021

JoLLA

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Intellectually disabled children have difficulty understanding abstract things such as Arabic letters. An appropriate learning media that can help them learn is significantly needed. In addition, some Intellectually disabled children can only pronounce Arabic letters but do not know the shape of the Arabic letters. In this context, ABATA media associates and equates Arabic letters with surrounding objects in their form and pronunciation so that intellectually disabled children can know the form and pronunciation of Arabic letters. This research aims to describe the ABATA media and its effectiveness. This research uses narrative review by gathering data from various sources, analyzing and designing the media. ABATA media is designed based on visual media and adopts the analogy method by equating the form of objects with Arabic letters, and the pronunciation of Arabic letters is the same as the initial syllable of objects. Based on the search for various literature sources conducted by the researchers, ABATA media is predicted to be adequate for mentally disabled children in introducing Arabic letters. This is because the visual media and analogy methods that are the basis for developing the ABATA media have proven effective and acceptable to intellectually disabled children. Therefore, ABATA media is believed to make it easier to introduce the shape and pronunciation of Arabic letters. Keywords: Arabic letters, visual media, analogy, intellectual disability. Abstrak: Anak tunagrahita mengalami kesulitan dalam memahami hal yang bersifat abstrak, seperti huruf Arab sehingga diperlukan media yang dapat mengonkretkan hal tersebut. Selain itu, terdapat anak tunagrahita yang hanya mampu melafalkan huruf Arab namun tidak mengetahui bentuk huruf Arab tersebut. Dalam konteks ini, media ABATA mengaitkan dan menyamakan huruf Arab dengan benda-benda sekitar dalam bentuk dan pengucapannya agar anak tunagrahita mampu mengetahui bentuk sekaligus pelafalan huruf Arab. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan media ABATA dan keefektifannya secara konseptual. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode narrative review dengan mencari berbagai sumber, menganalisis, dan kemudian mendesain media. Media ABATA dirancang berbasis media bergambar dan mengadopsi metode analogi dengan menyamakan bentuk benda dengan bentuk huruf Arab. Adapun pelafalan huruf Arab disamakan dengan suku awal benda. Berdasarkan penelusuran berbagai literatur yang telah dilakukan oleh peneliti, media ABATA diprediksikan efektif untuk diterapkan kepada anak tunagrahita dalam mengenalkan huruf Arab. Hal ini didasarkan pada kenyataan bahwa media bergambar dan metode analogi yang menjadi basis pengembangan media ABATA ini terbukti efektif dan mampu diterima oleh anak tunagrahita. Oleh karena itu, media ABATA diyakini mampu mempermudah dalam pengenalan bentuk sekaligus pelafalan huruf Arab. Kata kunci: huruf Arab, media bergambar, analogi, tunagrahita

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Analogical Reasoning in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Evidence From an Eye-Tracking Approach

Cited by 6 publications

References 65 publications

Joint attention and intelligence in children with autism spectrum disorder without severe intellectual disability

Joint attention and intelligence in children with autism spectrum disorder without severe intellectual disability

Perfil cognitivo del trastorno del espectro autista en población infantojuvenil: una revisión sistemática

Pengenalan Huruf Arab Berbasis Analogi Benda melalui Media ABATA bagi Anak Tunagrahita

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