Analisis Korelasi Kerapatan Titik Api Dengan Curah Hujan Di Pulau Sumatera Dan Kalimantan

Abstract

IntisariKebakaran hutan dan lahan merupakan bencana yang rutin terjadi di Indonesia. Pulau Sumatera dan Kalimantan menjadi wilayah yang paling sering dilanda kebakaran hutan dan lahan. Munculnya titik api di wilayah Sumatera dan Kalimantan mempunyai pola tersendiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui secara spasial-temporal konsentrasi titik api di wilayah Sumatera dan Kalimantan serta korelasinya dengan curah hujan. Berdasarkan hasil pengolahan data titik api yang bersumber dari hasil perekaman citra MODIS (Satelit Terra & Aqua) tahun 2006-2015, didapatkan bahwa kerapatan titik api di Pulau Sumatera dan Kalimantan akan mencapai puncaknya pada bulan September. Wilayah yang memiliki konsentrasi titik api paling tinggi adalah Provinsi Riau dan Sumatera Selatan di Pulau Sumatera serta Provinsi Kalimantan Tengah dan Kalimantan Barat di Pulau Kalimantan. Hasil pengolahan data curah hujan bulanan juga menunjukkan bahwa pada bulan September curah hujan di Pulau Sumatera dan Kalimantan mencapai nilai terendah dalam satu tahun, yaitu 25-150 mm/bulan. Selain itu, korelasi antara jumlah titik api dan curah hujan menunjukkan nilai korelasi yang cukup (R = 0,307) dengan pola hubungan yang negatif. Hasil pengolahan terhadap data historis titik api ini bisa menjadi acuan dalam kesiapan penanggulangan bencana kebakaran hutan dan lahan yang sering terjadi di Pulau Sumatera dan Kalimantan. AbstractForest fire is one of disasters that occur regularly in Indonesia. Sumatera and Borneo are regions with the most frequently hit by forest fires disaster through years. The emergence of hotspots in Sumatera and Borneo have it own patterns. This study aimed to figure hotspot density in Sumatera and Borneo spatial-temporally and their correlation with rainfall. Based on the results of data processing hotspots sourced from recording of MODIS satellite (Terra and Aqua) 2006 - 2015, it was found that the density of hotspots in Sumatra and Kalimantan will reach its peak in September. Riau and South Sumatera Province are the regions that has highest concentration of hotspots in Sumatera island, meanwhile Central Borneo and West Borneo Province become the regions that has highest concentration of hotspots in Borneo island. The processing of monthly rainfall data also shown that in September rainfall in Sumatra and Kalimantan reach its lowest level in a year, which is 25 - 150 mm/month. In addition, hotspot density and rainfall are correlated enough (R = 0,307). The results of the processing of historical hotspots data in this paper could become a reference for forest fires disaster management that often happens in Sumatera and Borneo.

Utilisation of Nasa - Gfwed and Firms Satellite Data in Determining the Probability of Hotspots Using the Fire Weather Index (Fwi) in Ogan Komering Ilir Regency, South Sumatra

“…In the DJF period (December January February) the density of hotspots in each grid is very low. This is in line with the results of Prayoga et al (2017). However, it can be seen that in this season, hotspots actually occur in low and moderate FWI classes.…”

The Possibility of COVID-19 Pandemic in Eliminating Burning Activities: A Case Study at Ogan Komering Ilir Regency, South Sumatera

“…A negative sign depicts the tendency for the hotspot to decline due to the increasing rainfall. Similar studies also reported a weak correlation (r = 0.307) between the hotspots and rainfalls in Sumatera and Kalimantan (Prayoga & Yananto, 2017). This outcome indicates that both variables do not linearly correlate as rainfall is not a single influencing factor of forest and land fires (Prasasti et al, 2012;Sitanggang et al, 2018).…”

Assessing the severity of forest fire in Sungai Buluh Protected Peat Forest, Jambi

“…The daily distributions of hotspots and precipitation in September (Figure 2) show a strong negative correlation between them, where the number of hotspots increase in the absence of rain but are reduced or eliminated after measurable precipitation. Previous research has shown that the higher the monthly precipitation, the lower the number of monthly hotspots and vice versa [9]. Based on this analysis, it is assumed that the occurrence of forest and land fires in the HLG Sungai Buluh is mainly due to drought during the dry season, which is indicated by the low frequency and quantity of rainfall.…”