One of the essential abilities in learning mathematics is understanding mathematical concepts. Through sinta 1-5, the author obtained 55 journal articles discussing the influence of applying learning models on students' ability to understand mathematical concepts. This research uses a meta-analysis design to determine how implementing the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) learning model affects students' ability to understand mathematical concepts. Of all the articles the author obtained, 12 met the inclusion criteria for analysis using the website https://www.meta-mar.com/, so a sizeable combined effect size was obtained. Based on the interpretation of the combined effect size, it can be concluded that overall, the implementation of the PBL learning model does not strongly influence students' ability to understand mathematical concepts. There are also study characteristics analyzed in this research, including a year of research, level of education, and research location. Statistically, it was found that the application of learning to improve students' mathematical literacy skills was not influenced by educational level, year of research, and research location.