Análisis del impacto de los test de diagnóstico virológico en el consumo de antibióticos en pacientes pediátricos ingresados por neumonía adquirida en la comunidad

Community-acquired pneumonia (AP) caused by infectious agents is a dangerous respiratory disease that can lead to death. This determines the relevance of the topic. Materials and methods. A descriptive epidemiological study was conducted: the analysis of the primary incidence of community-acquired pneumonia in children from 1 month of age up to 17 years. Results. The incidence of AP among children in 2014-2018 on the RD was 286.9 per 100 thousand children and adolescents. Among children aged 6 months up to 1 year, AP was detected in 599.9 per 100 thousand surveyed. The obtained data on the EAP show that this indicator throughout the country did not exceed the Russian level, as well as the level of AP morbidity in the North Caucasus Federal district. The analysis of infant mortality from respiratory diseases showed a decrease in its level from 0.5% in 2014 to 0.2% in 2018 in the whole RD, including in rural areas, there was a decrease in the mortality rate from pneumonia from 0.5% to 0.3%, in urban areas from 0.4% to 0.1% over the observed period. Conclusion. The established patterns may lead to the discovery of new diagnostic biomarkers of AP and bring us closer to its personalized therapy in children.

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Antibiotic Use and Respiratory Viral PCR Testing Among Pediatric Patients With Nosocomial Fever

Palacios¹,

Lemmon²,

Donohue³

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Pediatric patients admitted to the hospital often develop fevers during their inpatient stay, and many children are empirically started on antibiotics. The utility of respiratory viral panel (RVP) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing in the evaluation of nosocomial fevers in admitted patients is unclear. We sought to evaluate whether RVP testing is associated with the use of antibiotics among inpatient pediatric patients. Patients and methodsWe conducted a retrospective chart review of children admitted from November 2015 to June 2018. We included all patients who developed fever 48 hours or more after admission to the hospital and who were not already receiving treatment for a presumed infection (on antibiotics). ResultsAmong 671 patients, there were 833 inpatient febrile episodes. The mean age of children was 6.3 years old, and 57.1% were boys. Out of 99 RVP samples analyzed, 22 were positive (22.2%). Antibiotics were started in 27.8% while 33.5% of patients were already on antibiotics. On multivariate logistic regression, having an RVP sent was significantly associated with increased initiation of antibiotics (aOR 95% CI 1.18-14.18, p=0.03). Furthermore, those with a positive RVP had a shorter course of antibiotics compared to those with a negative RVP (mean 6.8 vs 11.3 days, p=0.019). ConclusionsChildren with positive RVP had decreased antibiotic exposure compared to those with negative RVP results. RVP testing may be used to promote antibiotic stewardship among hospitalized children.

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Análisis del impacto de los test de diagnóstico virológico en el consumo de antibióticos en pacientes pediátricos ingresados por neumonía adquirida en la comunidad

Cited by 3 publications

References 14 publications

Pneumonia in children: The role of rapid diagnostic tests for virus in antimicrobial stewardship

Pneumonia in children: The role of rapid diagnostic tests for virus in antimicrobial stewardship

Epidemiological Aspects of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Children and Adolescents of the Republic of Dagestan

Antibiotic Use and Respiratory Viral PCR Testing Among Pediatric Patients With Nosocomial Fever

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