Análisis de líquido sinovial

Evaluation of Hyaluronic Acid Dilutions at Different Concentrations Using a Quartz Crystal Resonator (QCR) for the Potential Diagnosis of Arthritic Diseases

“…However, aqueous dilutions of hyaluronic acid and the synovial fluid are Non-Newtonian fluids [5,39,40]. For this reason, it is necessary to use a more general equation to find the viscosity value: $\Delta F=\frac{-1+i}{\sqrt{2}\pi \sqrt{{\rho }_q{G}_q}}\sqrt{{\rho }_L\omega \left({\eta }_L^{\prime }-i{\eta }_L^{\prime \prime }\right)}$ ${\eta }_L^{\prime }=\frac{G_L^{\prime \prime }}{\omega }=-\frac{\pi {\rho }_q{G}_q}{{\rho }_L{f}_r}\frac{\Delta F\Delta \Gamma }{f_0^2}$ ${\eta }_L^{\prime \prime }=\frac{G_L^{\prime }}{\omega }=\frac{1}{2}\frac{\pi {\rho }_q{G}_q}{{\rho }_L{f}_r}\frac{\left(\Delta {\Gamma }^2-\Delta F^2\right)}{f_0^2}$…”

“…It can be considered a dialysate of plasma with a high content of hyaluronic acid [1,2,3,4]. The amount of the synovial fluid in a joint is no more than 3.5 mL (knee) [4,5] where the main functions of the synovial fluid are the lubrication of the joints and the absorption of the mechanical load produced when walking or running (knees) or holding up weight (cubit and shoulder) [1,2,3,4,5]. The viscosity of the synovial fluid depends on the concentration of the hyaluronic acid.…”

“…There are studies that relate the low viscosity of the synovial fluid (low concentration of hyaluronic acid) with arthrocentesis, osteoarthritis and inflammatory arthropathies [1,2,3,4,6,7]. Due to the concentration of hyaluronic acid in the synovial fluid being ≈ 3.5 mg/mL [6], the sample may be considered a non-Newtonian fluid with viscoelastic properties [5,8]. Due to this lubricant function, the analysis of synovial fluid is important for the detection and diagnosis of arthritic diseases.…”

“…This analysis evaluates the color, transparency and viscosity of the sample [1,2,3,9,10]. The results of a macroscopic analysis make the classification of the samples possible in healthy, inflammatory or septic, according to Table 1 [5,9,11]. …”

“…If the resulting length is greater than 3 cm, the sample is healthy; if not, the sample displays a problem and more tests are necessary [5]. …”