Análisis de la demanda residencial de los servicios básicos en España usando un modelo QUAIDS censurado

Gálvez, Pablo; Mariel, Petr; Hoyos, David

doi:10.4067/s0718-52862016000100001

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…As a particular case of Tauchmann's procedure, Gálvez et al . () prove that, when only one dependent variable is censored, all the M jh terms tend to zero except the one associated with the censored good. For example, if the censure is only observed in the

\overset{false^}{j} ‐th

good, then

M_{\overset{false^}{j} h} \neq 0

and M jh = 0

\forall j \neq \overset{false^}{j}

.…”

Section: The Estimation Strategymentioning

confidence: 80%

Consistent Estimation of a Censored Demand System and Welfare Analysis: The 2012 VAT Reform in Spain

García‐Enríquez¹,

Echevarrı́a²

2016

J Agricultural Economics

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This paper analyses the effects that the 2012 VAT reform in Spain had on households' welfare, focusing on a major expenditure group: food and non-alcoholic beverages. Households' demands are modeled as a two-stage Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System, which is then estimated by means of a consistent two-step estimator introduced in Tauchmann (2010) and not previously used in studies of this type. This procedure allows consistent imposition of the traditional parameter restrictions that utility maximisation requires in the context of a censored model. Our results show that the welfare loss and the increment in the tax bill increase with income. We also show that expenditure on food and non-alcoholic beverages grows less than proportionately with income. Consequently, households with lower income experience a greater welfare loss relative to their income levels. In short, the 2012 VAT reform in Spain, focusing on this expenditure group, can be considered as regressive.

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\overset{false^}{j} ‐th

good, then

M_{\overset{false^}{j} h} \neq 0

and M jh = 0

\forall j \neq \overset{false^}{j}

.…”

Section: The Estimation Strategymentioning

confidence: 80%

Consistent Estimation of a Censored Demand System and Welfare Analysis: The 2012 VAT Reform in Spain

García‐Enríquez¹,

Echevarrı́a²

2016

J Agricultural Economics

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“…We evaluate whether taxes are effective at discouraging SSB consumption by deriving own-price elasticities; and we analyze whether there are substitutive or complementary relationships that the tax may also trigger by deriving cross-price elasticities. With the aim of increasing the reliability of our results, we also take into account methodological issues usually found to generate biases, namely censoring and endogeneity [21][22][23]. Furthermore, we simulate the policy effects over tax collection and caloric intake variation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of taxing sugar-sweetened beverages in Ecuador: An analysis across different income and consumption groups

2020

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To analyze the effects of taxing sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) in Ecuador, this study estimates a Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System model using data from the 2011-2012 National Survey of Income and Expenditure for Urban and Rural Households. We derive own-and cross-price elasticities by income quintiles and consumption deciles for five beverages, including two types of sugary drink: (i) milk, (ii) soft drinks, (iii) water, (iv) other sugary drinks, and (v) coffee and tea. Overall, results show that a 20% increase in the price of SSBs will decrease the consumption of soft drinks and other sugary drinks by 27% and 22%, respectively. Heterogeneous consumer behavior is revealed across income and consumption groups, as well as policy-relevant complementarity and substitution patterns. Policy impacts are simulated by considering an 18 cents per liter tax, implemented in Ecuador, and an ad-valorem 20% tax on the price. Estimated tax revenues and weight loss are larger for the latter. From a health perspective, high-income and heavy consumer households would benefit the most from this policy. Our study supports an evidence-based debate on how to correctly design and monitor food policy.

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“…Then, two important reasons are missing from this explanation as to why mothers increasingly engaged in economic activity back in the 1980s and 1990s, thus demanding more childcare services. One reason can be found in the cultural influence from the women’s and queer liberation movements (Fraser, 2013), but a separate and seldomly cited cause is related to the devaluation of labor itself since the advent of neoliberalism: most people today work more for much less, relatively speaking, than in the 1950s or 1960s (Brown, 2015; George, 2015; Harvey, 2005, 2016; Piketty, 2014).…”

Section: Why Universal Early Childhood Education and Care (Ecec)?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 This “free-market” ideology leads to privatizing the gains of the dominant classes while socializing their losses. See for example, Bourdieu (1998), Brown (2015), George (2015), Harvey (2005), Klein (2008), or Piketty (2014). On the effects of neoliberalism on educational systems, see for example, Anyon (2005), Apple (2013), Ball (2012), Hursh (2016), Lipman (2011), Macrine et al (2010), Malott and Ford (2015), Peters et al (2015), or Torres Santomé (2001, 2011, 2017).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Cornerstone of the Commons: Building equity through new-public spaces for the education and care of the very young

Teasley

2017

Policy Futures in Education

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Whereas universal public access to early childhood education and care has long occupied a prominent place in feminist demands to end patriarchy, not only has such access gone largely unmet in most countries, save some noteworthy exceptions, but privatized childcare and early education has only gained momentum through neoliberalism, a process that has been steadily privileging the few, not the many. It has hit southern European countries such as Spain hard, especially after additional crisis-related restrictions were imposed on public spending in education and other sectors in 2012. Who, then, does the neoliberal agenda for early education actually serve? Pedagogically speaking, such discriminatory provision can hardly benefit the great majority of children it is supposed to serve, if we take the 1989 United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child as a guide. On the contrary, its purpose is more likely to select and mold youth in inequitable ways that benefit school investors, proprietors or other economic players, more than the children themselves. And, as numerous scholars assert, corporative elite interests behind the commodification of social provision exert increasing control over the decisions made not only in education but in all areas of political economy and social organization. So how might we begin to counter this “business as usual” of our times? An important starting point involves developing robust and creative collective support for attending to and educating the youngest members of society. Their right to equitable education and accessible, optimal, public care is envisioned and explored here from a critical intersectional perspective as one of the essential building blocks of the Commons. Some inspiring initiatives in this regard will be identified around the globe, their key ideological and organizational tenets laid out, and their implications for forging transformative projects elsewhere discussed.

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Análisis de la demanda residencial de los servicios básicos en España usando un modelo QUAIDS censurado

Cited by 9 publications

References 40 publications

Consistent Estimation of a Censored Demand System and Welfare Analysis: The 2012 VAT Reform in Spain

Consistent Estimation of a Censored Demand System and Welfare Analysis: The 2012 VAT Reform in Spain

The effects of taxing sugar-sweetened beverages in Ecuador: An analysis across different income and consumption groups

Cornerstone of the Commons: Building equity through new-public spaces for the education and care of the very young

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