Análise de dados espaciais em saúde pública: métodos, problemas, perspectivas

Carvalho, Marília Sá; Souza-Santos, Reinaldo

doi:10.1590/s0102-311x2005000200003

Cited by 112 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…9,14 Given the need to increase the understanding of the dynamics of production and transmission of HIV/AIDS infection, instruments traditionally used in GIS can be useful to identify areas with a greater concentration of cases, in addition to enabling the identifi cation of places with higher risk of infection, using statistical models with greater explanatory potential. 1,2,3 The use of georeferenced points in maps allows greater accuracy of analysis, because it is assumed that possible inner differences and inequalities in an area, divided into polygons, will not disappear. Thus, the onset of a disease is the focus, as a result of the demographic and social structure of the city and its differentiation in the country.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Expressão geográfica da epidemia de Aids em Campinas, São Paulo, de 1980 a 2005

2010

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OBJECTIVE:To analyze the spatial distribution of reported AIDS cases in adults and its association with living conditions in the city of Campinas, Southeastern Brazil. METHODS:Data on AIDS cases in men (n=2,945) and women (n=1,230) aged more than 13 years and living in Campinas, recorded in the SINAN (Brazilian Information System for Notifi able Diseases), were used to map the spatial distribution of this disease and the male:female ratio. Maps were constructed for the following periods: from 1980 to 1995, from 1996 to 2000, and from 2001 to 2005. The variables included in the analysis were address, sex and age. A weighted composite index was used to study living and health conditions in the area. Patients' home addresses were geocoded on a cartographic base, after correction and standardization according to a reference database of streets. A generalized additive model was adjusted to analyze the spatial distribution of the ratio of male:female cases in space, in the three study periods. RESULTS:The ratio of male:female cases was higher in areas with better living conditions (central) and around the prison (northwestern), where families of prisoners and former prisoners live temporarily, while this ratio was lower in the city suburbs (southwestern). CONCLUSIONS:The trends towards the AIDS epidemic affecting more women and poorer individuals were confi rmed by the decrease in the ratio of male:female cases in the period, particularly in vulnerable and impoverished populations. Geographic information systems and spatial data analysis can be useful for AIDS control and surveillance actions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this way, space began to be thoroughly analyzed, bringing important contribution to epidemiological studies and the performance of health services. 2,3 The present study aimed to analyze the spatial distribution of reported AIDS cases in adults and its association with living conditions in the city of Campinas, Southeastern Brazil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expressão geográfica da epidemia de Aids em Campinas, São Paulo, de 1980 a 2005

2010

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“…Apesar dessas limitações, cabe ressaltar que o objetivo deste trabalho não foi o de determinar riscos à mortalidade infantil em nível individual, mas o de descrever os riscos desse tipo de mortalidade relacionados ao contexto social e de infra-estrutura dos municípios do Paraná, com vistas a identificar agregados de sobre-risco 31 , passíveis de intervenção por meio de políticas setoriais ou intersetoriais 31,32 . Nesse sentido, a abordagem feita por estudos ecoló-gicos torna-se mais apropriada 31,32,33 .…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Condições de vida e mortalidade infantil no Estado do Paraná, Brasil, 1997/2001

et al. 2006

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Com o objetivo de verificar se as condições de vida e de infra-estrutura dos municípios do Estado do Paraná, Brasil, se relacionam com a taxa de mortalidade infantil e seus componentes, foi realizado estudo de agregados, com os 399 municípios do Estado agrupados em cinco clusters de condições de vida. As taxas de mortalidade infantil, neonatal e pós-neonatal foram calculadas para o qüinqüênio 1997/2001. Observaram-se taxas médias de mortalidade infantil, neonatal e pós-neonatal no Estado de 19,3, 12,0 e 7,3 por mil nascidos vivos, respectivamente. A taxa de mortalidade infantil pós-neonatal variou de 8,7 (cluster de piores condições) a 6,3 por mil nascidos vivos (cluster de melhores condições de vida). Com relação ao componente neonatal, os clusters de melhor e pior situação apresentaram as menores taxas, com valores semelhantes: 11,8 e 11,4 por mil nascidos vivos, respectivamente. Conclui-se que o componente pós-neonatal ainda discrimina adequadamente as condições de vida no Estado do Paraná, porém há necessidade de estudos complementares visando esclarecer as causas das taxas semelhantes de mortalidade neonatal dos clusters classificados como de melhores e de piores condições de vida.

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“…To best understand the differences in the distribution of infectious diseases, ecological studies with spatial data analysis have increased during the past 30 years in Brazil 11 . Different spatial scales were taken into account, usually with geographic and administrative references, such as states and administrative districts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial distribution of leprosy in Brazil: a literature review

Silva

Fonseca

Kawa

et al. 2017

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Leprosy remains a public health problem in developing countries. Among communicable diseases, it is one of the leading causes of permanent disability. Brazil had not reached the goal of reducing cases to less than 1 per 10,000 population. This study aimed to analyze the spatial distribution of leprosy cases in Brazil, using a literature review. The search strategy included the LILACS and MEDLINE databases with no language or period restriction. Ecological studies with spatial data analysis were considered as a criterion for the inclusion. We found 38 studies for review after the selection criteria. Among the epidemiological indicators of the disease, the most common was the new case detection rate. Several articles have explored the association between spatial distribution of leprosy and socioeconomic, demographic, and environmental factors. The most common unit of analysis was the municipality. The spatial distribution methods mostly used were: empirical Bayesian method, autocorrelation (Moran's I index) and Kernel estimates. The distribution of leprosy was very heterogeneous, independent of t h e unit of analysis. There was a decrease in the rate of detection and among under-15-year-olds, but some regions maintained high endemicity during the study period. The distribution and risk of illness were directly related to living conditions of the population. Improved access to health services was associated with increased detection rate in some regions. Spatial analysis seems to be a very useful tool to study leprosy and to guide interventions and surveillance.

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Análise de dados espaciais em saúde pública: métodos, problemas, perspectivas

Abstract: Studies in which spatial distribution and geographic information systems (GIS) play

Cited by 112 publications

References 76 publications

Expressão geográfica da epidemia de Aids em Campinas, São Paulo, de 1980 a 2005

Expressão geográfica da epidemia de Aids em Campinas, São Paulo, de 1980 a 2005

Condições de vida e mortalidade infantil no Estado do Paraná, Brasil, 1997/2001

Spatial distribution of leprosy in Brazil: a literature review

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