Analgesic and hepatotoxic effects of Ononis spinosa L.

Abstract

The present study investigated the analgesic and hepatoprotective activities of a water extract of Ononis spinosa L. (OS) in mice. Analgesic activity was based on the pain thresholds measured with the tail-flick test before administration at 30, 90 and 150 min. The results were analysed with one-way variance analysis. The extract of Ononis spinosa showed analgesic activity equivalent to aspirin at 30 and 90 min and even higher than aspirin with the 50 mg/kg dose. At a dose of 100 mg/kg OS showed an analgesic effect equivalent to aspirin at all time points.The hepatoprotective influence of OS on carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4))-induced acute liver toxicity was also studied. The extract had no significant effect on the increased levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and bilirubin in CCl(4) treated animals (p > 0.05). Thus, the results reveal that the extract of OS had no hepatoprotective effect on CCl(4)-induced acute liver toxicity.

Wound healing acceleration effect of endemic Ononis species growing in Turkey

“…According to phytochemical studies on Ononis species, flavonoids, norpenyl propanoid glucosides, isocoumarins and hydroxycinnamic acids, triterpene, sterol, lectin, saponin, isoflavone, pterocarpane derivatives, resorsinol derivatives were isolated from several Ononis species (Blumental et al, 1998;Erdemgil et al, 2002;Yılmaz et al, 2006). In thin layer chromatography and qualitative analysis by using chemical reagents, we also found out that flavonoid type compounds are present in the ethanolic extract of the O. macrosperma aerial parts.…”

“…In the previous studies, Ononis species have been shown to possess antimicrobial (Mahasneh and El-Oqlah, 1999;AbdelKader, 2001;Altanlar et al, 2006;Al-Bakri and Afifi, 2007), anti-inflammatory (Bremner et al, 2009(Bremner et al, ), antioxidant (Ç oban et al, 2003Tawaha et al, 2007), analgesic (Tulaikin and Bakhtina, 2006;Yılmaz et al, 2006), diuretic (Kassem et al, 1997;Tulaikin and Bakhtina, 2006), cytotoxic and antitumor effects (Leallau and Liebezeit, 2003).…”

Okuma güçlüğü olan bir öğrencinin okuma becerisinin geliştirilmesinde grafiksel sembollerin kullanımına yönelik örnek olay çalışması

“…Kelime tanõmadaki başlõca sorunlar; Òtanõnmayan kelimelerin okunmamasõ, sembol ile ses arasõndaki ilişkiyi kavrayamama, kelime veya harf karõştõrma, heceleme gŸçlŸğŸ, kelimedeki harflerin değiştirilmesi, tahmin ederek okuma, yanlõş okuma ve kelimeleri değiştirme, ekleme ve bõrakmalar, tersine çevirmeler, tekrarlamalarÓ biçiminde sõralanabilir (Uzunkol, 2013). Kelimeyi tanõma ve ayõrt etme yetisi gelişmemiş okuyucular, okuma sõrasõnda daha çok kelimeyi seslendirmekle meşgul olup anlamaya yeteri kadar zaman ayõramadõklarõ için okuma becerilerini geliştirmekte zorlandõklarõndan okuma esnasõnda çok sayõda hata yapmakta, akõcõ okuyamamakta ve okuduğunu anlayamamaktadõrlar (Yõlmaz, 2008;Dağ, 2010). Bu bireylerin akõcõ okumayõ šğrenmeleri için çeşitli stratejiler geliştirmek gerekmektedir.…”

Ethnobotany and phytochemistry of plants dominant in salt marshes of the Lower Saxonian Wadden Sea, southern North Sea

“…spinosa exhibits antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, diuretic, purgative as well as analgesic activities (VOLLMER & HINDEMITU 1937;VOLLMER 1940a, b;HILV 1976;REBUELTA et al 1981;YILMAZ et al 2006). spinosa exhibits antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, diuretic, purgative as well as analgesic activities (VOLLMER & HINDEMITU 1937;VOLLMER 1940a, b;HILV 1976;REBUELTA et al 1981;YILMAZ et al 2006).…”