Analgesia for paediatric tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy with intramuscular clonidine

Abstract

We do not recommend adding i.m. clonidine (2 microg x kg(-1)) to the analgesic regimen of children undergoing tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy.

Effect of intraoperative intravenous acetaminophen vs. intramuscular meperidine on pain and discharge time after paediatric dental restoration

“…Opioids and non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs are commonly used to treat postoperative pain [2], however, these drugs may increase the risk of respiratory depression and postoperative bleeding, respectively [3]. In contrast, acetaminophen (paracetamol) is a non-opioid analgesic that is devoid of these risks [3], and its enteral formulation has been used alone [4] and as an adjunct to other agents in the management of postoperative pain [5]. However, the efficacy of enteral acetaminophen as a stand alone analgesic has been hampered by its delayed absorption [6] and sub-therapeutic plasma concentrations [3,7] which have made this form of analgesia less than ideal in the immediate postoperative period [3,4].…”

Effects of intraoperative i.v. acetaminophen vs i.m. meperidine on post-tonsillectomy pain in children

“…2 4 In contrast, acetaminophen is a non-opioid analgesic that is devoid of these risks, 4 and its enteral formulation has been used, alone, 5 and in combination with other agents, in the management of postoperative pain. 6 However, enteral acetaminophen as a stand-alone analgesic is less than ideal in the management of post-tonsillectomy pain in the immediate postoperative period. 4 5 This has been attributed to delayed drug absorption 7 and sub-therapeutic plasma concentrations.…”

A scoping review of randomized clinical trials for pain management in pediatric tonsillectomy and adenotonsillectomy

“…A total of 189 randomized controlled and comparison trials met the inclusion criteria for analysis 18–206 . A PRISMA diagram outlining the literature search is shown in Figure 1, and the risk of bias graph is shown in Figure 2.…”