Anaesthetic emergencies and complications: Part 1

Grubb, Tamaea L.; Muir, William W.

doi:10.1111/j.2042-3292.2005.tb01831.x

Cited by 9 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…These are including central nervous system, respiratory and cardiovascular complication. [ 1 ] Emergence from anesthesia is associated with sympathetic stimulation and, therefore, may result in tachycardia, hypertension, and arrhythmia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing the Effect of Labetalol versus Morphine on Controlling Blood Pressure and Pulse Rate During Emergence from Anesthesia after Craniotomy

2017

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Background:Emergence from anesthesia is associated with sympathetic stimulation, increase in pulse and blood pressure. There are different methods, but the most appropriate method should be selected regarding the differences in nationalities. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of morphine and labetalol in controlling blood pressure and pulse during emergence from anesthesia in brain tumors craniotomy.Materials and Methods:This study was conducted at Al-Zahra Hospital of Isfahan - Iran on 60 patients suffering from brain tumor candidated for craniotomy and randomly classified into two groups of 30. One group received labetalol with dose of 10 mg over 10 min from 45 min before finishing dressing and then 0.75 mg/min until 35 min later; another group received morphine in bolus dose of 0.1 mg/kg during 2–3 min. Blood pressure and pulse were measured every 10 min over 40 min. After operation, they were measured every 5 min over 15 min.Results:The morphine group had higher systolic (133.3 ± 18.8) and diastolic blood pressure (87.1 ± 13.6) (P = 0.021 and 0.028, respectively) at extubation and during 45 min before dressing, the diastolic blood pressure was significantly higher in compares with labetalol (75.3 ± 10.5) (P < 0.05). And extubation time was significantly shorter in labetalol group (7.7 ± 0.84) (P < 0.001). Pulse had no significant difference in both groups. In labetalol group, blood pressure and pulse fluctuations were more stable.Conclusion:Administration of labetalol 45 min before finishing dressing can significantly control blood pressure during emergence from anesthesia and also shorten the time of extubation during emergence in patients undergoing craniotomy.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing the Effect of Labetalol versus Morphine on Controlling Blood Pressure and Pulse Rate During Emergence from Anesthesia after Craniotomy

2017

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“…Hypercapnoea (PaCO 2 > 50 mmHg) is frequently encountered during equine general anaesthesia, predominantly due to the respiratory depression and subsequent hypoventilation caused by inhalation agents used for maintenance 86 will differ slightly compared to those reported at 37°C, as was observed in the current study ( 89,92 . Attempts to recreate this method were made in the present study by catheterising the external jugular vein in a retrograde manner, in order to sample venous blood from as close to the brain as possible.…”

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confidence: 51%

Use of near‐infrared spectroscopy to identify trends in regional cerebral oxygen saturation in horses

McConnell

Rioja

Bester

et al. 2012

Equine Veterinary Journal

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Summary Reasons for performing study Alterations in cerebral haemodynamics may contribute to perianaesthetic complications in horses. Near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is frequently used intraoperatively in man to provide information regarding cerebral perfusion. Objectives To determine whether NIRS can identify trends in regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) in horses and whether there is a correlation between rSO2 and venous oxygen tensions. Methods A cerebral oximeter sensor recorded rSO2 from the dorsal sagittal sinus of 6 healthy horses. Values for rSO2, arterial and venous oxygen and carbon dioxide tensions (PaO2, PvO2, PaCO2 and PvCO2 respectively), along with arteriovenous oxygen saturations (SavO2) were recorded in unsedated (recording period [RP] 1), sedated (RP2) and anaesthetised horses (RP3–5) and during recovery (RP6–8). During anaesthesia, horses were ventilated to achieve states of normo‐ (RP3), hyper‐ (RP4) and hypocapnoea (RP5). Data were evaluated descriptively and analysed using linear mixed‐effects models and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results Overall mean ± s.d. values for rSO2, PaO2, PvO2, PaCO2, SavO2 and mean arterial pressure varied significantly by RP (P<0.001). Significant decreases in rSO2 were identified between RP1 and the post anaesthetic periods (P<0.001). No significant differences in rSO2 values were identified between RP1 and the intra‐anaesthesia periods or between RP3, RP4 and RP5. Significant correlations were identified between rSO2 and PaO2 (r = 0.448, P<0.001), rSO2 and PvO2 (r = 0.512, P<0.001) and rSO2 and SavO2 (r = 0.469, P<0.001). Conclusions This is the first study to identify trends in rSO2 in horses using NIRS. A positive correlation was identified between rSO2 and PvO2, suggesting that alterations in cerebral oxygenation may be reflected in PvO2. Potential relevance Near‐infrared spectroscopy may be used to monitor trends in rSO2 during equine anaesthesia. Decreasing rSO2 values may act as an early warning signal, alerting clinicians to potential cerebral desaturation events and indicating a need for intervention.

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“…A hemogasometria, com as determinações de pressão de oxigênio e gás carbônico e do equilíbrio ácido-básico, representado pelo pH, é usada extensivamente como um indicador da eficiência da troca pulmonar de gases e do status respiratório. Seu uso durante a anestesia geral é recomendado com o objetivo de reduzir a ocorrência de emergências anestésicas (7) . Adicionalmente, é utilizada para avaliação de novos anestésicos e procedimentos de ventilação durante a anestesia (8) .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Parâmetros Cardiopulmonares E Hemogasométricos Em Ovinos Sob Anestesia Inalatória Durante Alternâncias De Decúbito

et al. 2016

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ResumoOs rebanhos de ovinos do Centro-Oeste do Brasil, principalmente da raça Santa Inês, aumentaram muito nos últimos anos. Dessa forma, a casuística clínica também cresceu e a realização de cirurgias de grande porte sem dor e com segurança se faz presente, associada ao uso da anestesia geral inalatória. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar os parâmetros cardiopulmonares e hemogasométricos em ovinos sob anestesia inalatória com ventilação controlada, bem como avaliar a influência de alternâncias de decúbito nos mesmos parâmetros. Os animais foram sedados com acepromazina, induzidos com propofol, intubados e colocados sob anestesia inalatória com isoflurano durante manutenção anestésica. As frequências cardíaca e respiratória, pressão arterial e a concentração de gases sanguíneos foram aferidas a cada cinco minutos por um total de 45 minutos, durante os quais os animais foram alternados entre decúbito lateral direito, dorsal e esquerdo. Os parâmetros aferidos não apresentaram diferenças significativas entre os tempos e decúbitos, concluindo-se que a anestesia geral inalatória com isoflurano mostra-se viável e segura na espécie ovina, pois mantém os parâmetros cardiopulmonares e hemogasométricos em níveis seguros. Palavras-chave: cirurgia; decúbito; hemogasometria. AbstractSheep herds, especially Santa Ines breed, have grown in the Brazilian Midwest in recent years. Therefore, clinical cases have also grown, and along came the need of conducting major surgeries without pain associated with the use of inhalational anesthesia. This study evaluated the cardiopulmonary and blood gas parameters in sheep under inhalational anesthesia with controlled ventilation, and assessed the effect of decubitus alternations on the parameters. The animals were anesthetized with acepromazine and propofol, intubated and placed on inhalational anesthesia with isoflurane. The respiratory rates, blood pressure and blood gas concentrations were measured every for minutes for a total of 45 minutes during which the animals were alternated right, dorsal and left decubitus. The measured parameters showed no significant differences among the times and positions, concluding that inhalational anesthesia with isoflurane is valid and safe for sheep, as it keeps the cardiopulmonary parameters and arterial blood gases at safe levels.

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Anaesthetic emergencies and complications: Part 1

Abstract: Summary Anaesthetic emergencies and complications should be anticipated and prepared for prior to anaesthesia. Attentive patient monitoring will help to prevent most anaesthetic emergencies and increase the potential for success should an emergency occur (Table 8).

Cited by 9 publications

References 44 publications

Comparing the Effect of Labetalol versus Morphine on Controlling Blood Pressure and Pulse Rate During Emergence from Anesthesia after Craniotomy

Comparing the Effect of Labetalol versus Morphine on Controlling Blood Pressure and Pulse Rate During Emergence from Anesthesia after Craniotomy

Use of near‐infrared spectroscopy to identify trends in regional cerebral oxygen saturation in horses

Parâmetros Cardiopulmonares E Hemogasométricos Em Ovinos Sob Anestesia Inalatória Durante Alternâncias De Decúbito

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