Anaerobic fermentation effectively reduces concentration of total tannins in Chromolaena odorata

Mullik, Yelly M.; Ridla, Muhammad; Prihantoro, Iwan; Mullik, Marthen L.

doi:10.14334/jitv.v21i1.1301

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Adanya gula air dalam proses silase memberikan sumber karbon bagi mikroorganisme sehingga bertumbuh dengan cepat, dengan semakin banyaknya mikroorganisme maka enzim yang dihasilkan pun makin banyak maka tanin yang terdegradasi makin tinggi. Kadar tanin Chromolena ordorata 2,67% menurun menjadi 0,94% setelah difermentasi selama 21 hari (Mullik et al, 2016). Wakano et al, (2019) melaporkan bahwa penggunaan gula merah, gula pasir dan molasses menghasilkan silase rumput gajah dengan kualitas terbaik.…”

Section: Hasil Dan Pembahasan Kadar Taninunclassified

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KADAR TANIN, KALSIUM DAN FOSFOR SILASE KULIT PISANG KEPOK (Musa paradisiaca) DENGAN ADITIF GULA AIR

Koni¹,

Ugu²,

Helda³

2022

Partner

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Banana peel is a potential alternative feed source, but its use is limited by its tannin content. Tannins binding proteins, minerals and reduce protein digestibility. The experiment was aimed to evaluate the effect of palmyra sugar liquid (PSL) on tannin, calcium, and phosphorus levels of banana peel silage. This study used a completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 5 replications. The treatments were GA0: banana peel without PSL, GA2: banana peel + 2% PSL, GA4: banana peel + 4% PSL, and GA6: banana peel + 6% PSL. A mixture of banana peels and PSL was put into a plastic jar while compacted. Then tightly closed and fermented for 21 days. Variables observed were tannin, calcium, and phosphorus content of banana peel silage. The results showed that the PSL level had a very significant effect (P<0.01) on the tannin, calcium, and phosphorus content of kepok banana peel silage. The use of 4% water sugar can reduce tannin levels and has the highest levels of calcium and phosphorus of kepok banana peel silage.

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Section: Hasil Dan Pembahasan Kadar Taninunclassified

“…Hinda et al, (2015) menyatakan bahwa tanin pada biji sorgum menurun dari 1,7% menjadi 0,6% setelah enam hari fermentasi dengan bakteri asam laktat. Ridla et al, (2016) menyatakan bahwa total tanin Chromolena odorata menurun dari 8,63% menjadi 7,32% setelah difermentasi 21 hari dengan menggunakan aditif tepung putak dan isi rumen.…”

Section: Hasil Dan Pembahasan Kadar Taninunclassified

KADAR TANIN, KALSIUM DAN FOSFOR SILASE KULIT PISANG KEPOK (Musa paradisiaca) DENGAN ADITIF GULA AIR

Koni¹,

Ugu²,

Helda³

2022

Partner

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“…In his laboratory, Norrish studied both fundamental oxidation processes and important applicative reactions that affect the everyday life of each of us, in particular the effect of anti-knock agents for the regulation of chain processes in fuel, as well as polymerization processes, both for generating the linear chain [69][70][71][72][73][74][75], for cross-linking [76][77][78][79][80][81], for catalyzed processes involving polymers [82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90] and for forming graft and block copolymers [91] (Fig. 6).…”

Section: Norrish and Yang Contributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Norrish’ type I and II reactions and their role in the building of photochemical science

Albini

2021

Photochem Photobiol Sci

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The highly inspiring work by Professor Norrish has exerted a consistent influence on chemistry and, in particular, on photochemistry, where he was one of the first scientists, along with Gilbert N. Lewis, able to develop a viable concept of excited states and their rate of reaction. However, having him listed among the authors of two name reactions, known as Norrish Type I and Type II, plus a subcase of the latter that is the Yang cyclization, is not coherent. Indeed, Norrish had no interest in organic synthesis, while this is a required feature of name reactions. And, at any rate, Professors Ciamician and Paternò had arrived at the same conclusions with the same compounds much earlier, except for the measurement of quantum yields. Things are too long away now for introducing any change, but one should remember that using Norrish name here is a mistake, while it would be appropriate to add the name of Ciamician for a different name reaction, the 2 + 2 cycloaddition of alkenes and conjugated carbonyls. In 1968, such an attribution was proposed by Professor Schömberg, but this had no effect and the present assignment has become a habit. The most important thing, however, is that the 2 + 2 reaction has become one of the most popular reactions in synthetic photochemistry.

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“…On the contrary, this plant's organic biomass also possesses a variety of anti-nutritive compounds phenolics, alkaloids, and terpenoids (Singh, 2022). These secondary metabolites could be reduced by the bio-fermentation process (Ridla et al;2016;Mulik et al, 2016) before being used as a feed source for ruminants (Bira et al, 2017). However, maximizing the rumen fermentation process is the next challenge to the use of bio-fermented C. odorata as ruminant animal feed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of concentrates containing tropical weed Chromolaena odorata, methionine hydroxy analog and palm oils in fattening male Bali cattle: A physiological study

Oematan

2023

JANS

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Chromolaena odorata is a potential feed source but is low in methionine, which might affect the rumen function. Therefore providing efficient nutrient/s might improve rumen function. The study aimed to assess the efficacy of a concentrate containing Chromolaena odorata meal, hydroxy methionine analog (HMA), and palm oil on blood metabolites of fattened cattle. Sixteen Bali cattle (Bos sondaicus) with an average body weight of 130.5kg ± 32.5 were allotted into four dietary treatments (and four replicates) using a Completely Randomized Block Design with 4 cattle in each Group. The treatments were concentrates with no addition of palm oil and/or HMA as the control diet (Group I) , added with 3 g HMA (CMA) (Group II), added with 0.5% palm oil (Group III) and (CPO) added with a combination of 3 g HMA and 0.5% palm oil (CMO) Group IV). The concentrate was offered to the animals at a rate of 2% liveweight, whilst rice straws were provided ad libitum as the source of fiber. The concentrate contained 18% crude protein and 12 MJ ME/kg DM to target a live weight gain of at least 0.6 kg/day. Blood metabolites measured were total cholesterol levels, plasma glucose, plasma proteins, and plasma urea. Collected data were subjected to analysis of variance with the significance level set at an alpha value of ≤ 0.05. The results showed that providing concentrate-containing. C. odorata with or without HMA and/or palm oil (Group IV) only significantly affected blood plasma proteins, whereas other blood metabolites were unaffected. It might be concluded that there is no benefit of adding palm oil or methionine analog to chromolaena-based concentrate for fattened cattle since it will not affect the concentration of blood metabolites.

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Anaerobic fermentation effectively reduces concentration of total tannins in Chromolaena odorata

Cited by 5 publications

References 19 publications

KADAR TANIN, KALSIUM DAN FOSFOR SILASE KULIT PISANG KEPOK (Musa paradisiaca) DENGAN ADITIF GULA AIR

KADAR TANIN, KALSIUM DAN FOSFOR SILASE KULIT PISANG KEPOK (Musa paradisiaca) DENGAN ADITIF GULA AIR

Norrish’ type I and II reactions and their role in the building of photochemical science

Efficacy of concentrates containing tropical weed Chromolaena odorata, methionine hydroxy analog and palm oils in fattening male Bali cattle: A physiological study

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