Anaemia and red blood cell transfusion in the critically ill patient

McLellan, Stuart; McClelland, D. B. L.; Walsh, Timothy

doi:10.1016/s0268-960x(03)00018-3

Cited by 52 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…However, pre-treatment with 400mg/kg Annona muricata prior to DMN administration significantly (P˂0.05) enhanced the hematological parameters, thus indicating that Annona muricata improve immunity function and decrease inflammation. Reduction in platelets count in experimental animals has been reported to indicate adverse effect on the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood as well as thrombopoietin (Li et al 1999, McLellan et al 2003. The ability of Annona muricata leaves to modulate acute DMN toxicity may be probably due to the plant richness in chemical compounds including acetogenins, tannins, phenols and flavonoids as well as its ability to enhance endogenous enzymic and non-enzymic antioxidants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Annona muricata pre-treatment on liver synthetic ability, kidney function and hematological parameters in dimethylnitrosamine (DMN)-administered rats

Usunobun

Okolie

2016

IJM

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Background:Dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) is a potent hepatotoxin, carcinogen and mutagen which exerts carcinogenic effects and induces hepatic necrosis in experimental animals through metabolic activation by CYP2E1. This study thus evaluated efficacies of Annona muricata pre-treatment on acute dimethylnitrosamine (DMN)-induced anemia and biochemical alterations in male albino rats. Methods:Four (4) groups of six (6) rats each were used for the study. Group 1 served as control and was untreated, group 2 and 3 were pre-treated with 400mg/kg Annona muricata ethanol leaf extract for one week while group 3 and 4 each received single dose of 20mg/kg DMN (orally) after one week. The rats were sacrificed 48hrs after DMN administration. Results:In rats administered 20mg/kg DMN, toxicty was clearly shown by decreased activities of serum liver synthetic molecules namely total protein, albumin, increased total bilirubin, increased kidney parameters such as creatinine and urea as well as decreased body weight gain. The toxic effect of DMN was also indicated by significantly decreased levels of red blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), white blood cells (WBC) and platelet count (Plt count). However, in rats pre-treated with 400mg/kg Annona muricata prior to DMN administration, there were significant reversals in the activities of serum liver synthetic molecules, kidney profiles, and hematological parameters when compared to DMN-alone administered rats. Conclusion:Annona muricata pre-treatment exhibited in vivo protective and anti-anemic effects against DMN-induced injury.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Annona muricata pre-treatment on liver synthetic ability, kidney function and hematological parameters in dimethylnitrosamine (DMN)-administered rats

Usunobun

Okolie

2016

IJM

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“…The reduction in platelets, WBC, neutrophils and monocytes observed in this study suggests selective and localized toxicity. Reduction in platelets count in experimental animals has been reported to indicate adverse effect on the oxygen-carrying capacity of the blood as well as thrombopoietin (Li et al, 1999;McLellan et al, 2003). Lymphocytes are the main effector cells of the immune system (Yakubu et al, 2007;Ashafa et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of leaf and berry extracts of Phytolacca dioica L. on haematological and weight parameters of Wistar rats

Ashafa¹,

Sunmonu²,

Afolayan³

2011

Afr. J. Pharm. Pharmacol.

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The effect of aqueous leaf and berry extracts of Phytolacca dioica administered at 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight for 14 days was investigated on haematology and weight parameters of Wistar rats. The extracts at all doses had no significant effect on the red blood cells (RBC), haemoglobin (HB), parked cell volume (PCV), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH) and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) when compared with the animals in the control group. In contrast, the extracts at all doses caused a progressive significant reduction in the serum levels of platelets, white blood cells (WBC), neutrophils and monocytes. Also, there was dosedependent significant increase in the serum levels of lymphocytes and a reduction in the level of eosinophils. Administration of the extracts at all doses investigated led to a significant reduction in the body weight, absolute organ weight and organ-body weight ratio. These observable alterations in some parameters were indications that the leaf and berry extracts of P. dioica possess slight toxicity. Therefore, the crude extracts from the leaf and berry may not be completely safe as oral remedies.

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“…group (Table 5). According to McLellan et al [40], reduction in PLT in experimental rats indicates detrimental action on the blood's oxygen transporting ability as well as thrombopoietin. The observed reduction in the PLTs in this study indicates that RH extract may cause disorder in the blood oxygen transporting ability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial and Toxicological Studies of Ricinodendron Heudelotii (Baill.)

Yakubu

Adebayo

Famakinwa

et al. 2018

Asian J Pharm Clin Res

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Objective: This work assessed the antimicrobial activity and toxicological consequence of the ethanolic extract of Ricinodendron heudelotii (Baill). Methods:The antimicrobial potential of the leaf extract was investigated against 9 different microorganisms using the agar well diffusion method while the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was ascertained. Toxicity evaluations were carried out on five groups of seven albino rats each for 28 days. Rats in Group A received normal saline, while those in Groups B, C, D, and E received 250, 500, 1000, and 2000 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) of the extract. After treatment, they were anesthetized, blood samples collected for biochemical assays; organs isolated, weighed, and processed for histopathological studies. Results:The phytochemical screening showed the presence of glycosides, tannins, polyphenols, terpenoids, and alkaloids while saponin was absent. Antimicrobial effect was observed against 7 of the 9 microorganisms tested with inhibition zone and MIC ranging from 18 to 36 mm and 31.25 to 62.5 mg/mL, respectively. Liver function tests were significantly (p<0.05) increased, whereas no significant change in total protein and creatinine levels was observed. Histology showed a sinusoidal congestion and vacuolar degeneration of hepatocytes in groups administered higher doses, and a dose-dependent reduction was observed in some hematological parameters. Conclusion:The results obtained suggest that the R. heudelotii may not induce significant toxic effect below 3600 mg/kg b.w. and could serve as an effective antibiotic.

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Anaemia and red blood cell transfusion in the critically ill patient

Cited by 52 publications

References 108 publications

Effect of Annona muricata pre-treatment on liver synthetic ability, kidney function and hematological parameters in dimethylnitrosamine (DMN)-administered rats

Effect of Annona muricata pre-treatment on liver synthetic ability, kidney function and hematological parameters in dimethylnitrosamine (DMN)-administered rats

Effects of leaf and berry extracts of Phytolacca dioica L. on haematological and weight parameters of Wistar rats

Antimicrobial and Toxicological Studies of Ricinodendron Heudelotii (Baill.)

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