An x-band gigawatt amplifier

The hard excitation regime for a relativistic backward-wave oscillator

“…The relativistic BWO can be used not only as an oscillator, but also as an element of a high-power sectioned microwave amplifier [10,11]. Such an application of a backward-wave oscillator is mainly related to the possibility of obtaining high gains when the device is operated in the regenerative regime, i.e., near the self-excitation threshold.…”

Квазиоптическая Теория Усиления Релятивистским Электронным Потоком Поверхностных Волн, Распространяющихся Над Гофрированными Структурами (Импедансное Приближение)

“…Стимулированное черенковское излучение реля-тивистских электронных потоков в периодически-гофрированных волноводах широко используется в ре-лятивистской электронике для создания генераторов и усилителей с субгигаваттным и гигаваттным уровнями мощности [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Теория таких приборов [7,8] хорошо разработана и основана на теории возбуждения вол-новодов [9,10].…”

Method for achievement of a multigigawatt peak power by compressing microwave pulses of a relativistic backward-wave oscillator in a helical waveguide

“…Due to active research in this field, centimeter-and millimeter-wave oscillators with powers of about 1 GW [4][5][6][7][8] become accessible for many unique applications [3,9]. The further increase in the output power of the sources, which is not related to an increase in the particle energy and the electron-beam current, would make such oscillators much more attractive and expand the range of their applications.…”