An Upsurge in Pertussis

Marconi, Greg P.; Ross, Lawrence A.; Nager, Alan L.

doi:10.1097/pec.0b013e318248b0cd

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The waning of post-vaccination antibodies with age suggests that the seronegativity rate increases from infancy and childhood throughout adolescence and adulthood, resulting in an enlarging human reservoir of B. pertussis, which would increase the risk of infecting infants and the elderly (Sheridan et al, 2014). The prevalence of pertussis has been recently surging in adolescents and adults in almost all countries that have switched from wholecell to acellular pertussis vaccine (Marconi et al, 2012). Epidemiological studies have demonstrated that 7% to 17% of cases of prolonged cough are attributable to B. pertussis infection in adolescents and adults (Philipson et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pertussis infection remains prominent among young infants, causing severe illnesses especially during the first three months of age, before their primary immunization (Marconi et al, 2012;Paddock et al, 2008). Household contacts, especially mothers and siblings, are responsible for up to 75% of B. pertussis infections in infants (Hanson et al, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pertussis seronegativity in pregnant women in the city of Al Ain, United Arab Emirates

Narchi

Osman

George

et al. 2019

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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As the current recommendation of administering Tdap (tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis) to all pregnant women has not been widely implemented in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), we aimed to ascertain the prevalence of pertussis seronegativity during pregnancy. Methods: IgG antibodies against Bordetella pertussis toxin (PT) were measured in 213 women attending the antenatal clinic at Oasis hospital, Al Ain, UAE. Results were compared by maternal age, nationality and gestational age with the Kruskal-Wallis test for IgG-PT levels and the Chi-squared test for serology status. Results: The mean age AE SD of the participants was 30.4 AE 5.6 years, mean gestational age AE SD of 25.5 AE 3.3 weeks. Serum concentration of IgG-PT <10 IU/ml were found in 160 out of 213 women (75%; 95% confidence interval 69%, 81%). There was no significant difference in the geometric mean of serum IgG-PT concentration across maternal age (P = 0.80) or nationality (P = 0.90). There were no differences in the prevalence of seronegativity with maternal age (P = 0.65) or nationality (P = 0.90). Conclusion: With a high prevalence of pertussis seronegativity in pregnant women, there is a potential benefit of introducing pertussis vaccination during pregnancy into our national immunization program.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pertussis seronegativity in pregnant women in the city of Al Ain, United Arab Emirates

Narchi

Osman

George

et al. 2019

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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“…The disease is considered to be highly contagious. Its main clinical manifestation is the paroxysmal cough, which, in some cases, can be extremely torturous for the patient, since it can last for weeks and be accompanied by apnea, exhaustion, and posttussive vomiting [2]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pertussis Reinfection in an Adult: A Cause of Persistent Cough Not to Be Ignored

Koufakis

Paschala

Siapardanis

2017

Case Reports in Infectious Diseases

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Pertussis is traditionally considered as a disease of the childhood; however, accumulating evidence suggests a stable increase of its incidence among adults and adolescents, during the last decades. Despite the fact that reinfection after natural disease or vaccination is not uncommon, the index of clinical suspicion of pertussis diagnosis in adults remains low. In this article, we report a case of pertussis reinfection 30 years after natural infection, which was complicated by pneumonia, and we discuss our diagnostic and therapeutic approach, aiming to raise clinicians' degree of suspicion regarding pertussis diagnosis in adults. Prompt recognition and appropriate therapy of adult patients can result in the effective control of the symptoms, prevention of severe complications, and spread of the infection to children; thus, they are of great clinical and public health importance.

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“…Pertussis or whooping cough is a highly contagious respiratory disease of humans caused by an aerobic, non-spore-forming, Gram-negative coccobacillus, Bordetella pertussis [ 1 ]. In recent years, there has been an upsurge of whooping cough among elderly people [ 1 ] whose vaccination-induced protective immunity waned-off due to the lack of natural boosters caused by a decrease of circulating pathogens as a result of mass vaccination [ 2 ]. This pertussis-causative pathogen secretes several virulence factors among which is the adenylate cyclase-hemolysin toxin (CyaA) that plays an important role during the early phase of infection [ 3 , 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Characterization of Humanized Nanobodies with Neutralizing Activity against the Bordetella pertussis CyaA-Hemolysin: Implications for a Potential Epitope of Toxin-Protective Antigen

Malik

Imtong

Sookrung

et al. 2016

Toxins

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Previously, the 126-kDa CyaA-hemolysin (CyaA-Hly) fragment cloned from Bordetella pertussis—the causative agent of whooping cough—and functionally expressed in Escherichia coli was revealed as a key determinant for CyaA-mediated hemolysis against target erythrocytes. Here, phagemid-transfected E. coli clones producing nanobodies capable of binding to CyaA-Hly were selected from a humanized-camel VH/VHH phage-display library. Subsequently verified for binding activities by indirect ELISA and Western blotting, four CyaA-Hly-specific nanobodies were obtained and designated according to the presence/absence of VHH-hallmark amino acids as VHH2, VH5, VH18 and VHH37. In vitro neutralization assay revealed that all four ~17-kDa His-tagged VH/VHH nanobodies, in particular VHH37, which were over-expressed as inclusions and successfully unfolded-refolded, were able to effectively inhibit CyaA-Hly-mediated hemolysis. Phage-mimotope searching revealed that only peptides with sequence homologous to Linker 1 connecting Blocks I and II within the CyaA-RTX subdomain were able to bind to these four CyaA-Hly-specific nanobodies. Structural analysis of VHH37 via homology modeling and intermolecular docking confirmed that this humanized nanobody directly interacts with CyaA-RTX/Linker 1 through multiple hydrogen and ionic bonds. Altogether, our present data demonstrate that CyaA-RTX/Linker 1 could serve as a potential epitope of CyaA-protective antigen that may be useful for development of peptide-based pertussis vaccines. Additionally, such toxin-specific nanobodies have a potential for test-driven development of a ready-to-use therapeutic in passive immunization for mitigation of disease severity.

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An Upsurge in Pertussis

Cited by 10 publications

References 18 publications

Pertussis seronegativity in pregnant women in the city of Al Ain, United Arab Emirates

Pertussis seronegativity in pregnant women in the city of Al Ain, United Arab Emirates

Pertussis Reinfection in an Adult: A Cause of Persistent Cough Not to Be Ignored

Structural Characterization of Humanized Nanobodies with Neutralizing Activity against the Bordetella pertussis CyaA-Hemolysin: Implications for a Potential Epitope of Toxin-Protective Antigen

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