An updated review on diverse range of biological activities of 1,2,4-triazole derivatives: Insight into structure activity relationship

Design and Synthesis of Novel Phthalide Derivatives containing 1,3,4‐Oxadiazole/1,2,4‐Triazole Units as Potential Antifungal Agents

“…[3][4][5][6] Thus, it can serve as a precursor for the development of new botanical fungicide. Moreover, among the family of fivemembered nitrogen/oxygen-containing aromatic heterocycles, 1,3,4-oxadiazole and 1,2,4-triazole scaffolds are widely present in pharmaceutical or pesticide molecules, and exhibited a pronounced diversity of biological activities due to their ability to form interactions with various enzymes, proteins, and receptors in organisms, [7][8][9] such as anticancer, [10,11] antiviral, [12,13] antibacterial, [14][15][16] antifungal, [17][18][19] and herbicidal [20] activities (Figure 1). It is well known that molecular hybridization and diversity-oriented synthesis (DOS) approach are powerful strategies for constructing diverse highly active molecular structures, we wondered if we could obtain novel fungicide with excellent biological activity and specific mechanisms of action by fusing 1,3,4-oxadiazole and 1,2,4-triazole rings with phthalide skeleton according to the principle of bioactive substructure combination.…”

Synthesis of Some New 1,3,4-Thiadiazole Derivatives Derived from Cholic Acid and Evaluation of their Biological Activity

“…Medicinal chemists emphasize the anticancer activity of such compounds (28) due to their crucial roles in the design of anticancer drugs (29). Biological studies have shown that the five-membered triazole heterocycles have a broad and potent biological activity (30), notably in antiviral activities such as those against the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)(31), the hepatitis C virus (HCV), the hepatitis B virus (HBV)(32), the influenza virus (IV), the herpes simplex virus (HSV), the hepatitis A virus (HAV), the varicellazoster virus (VZV), and the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) (33). Currently, other molecules, such as Schiff bases derived from heterocycles, are the subject of many investigations because of their diverse range of biological functions (34).…”

Melamine phosphate-modified magnetic chitosan: a novel biocompatible catalyst for the synthesis of biological tetrahydrodipyrazolopyridine and pyrazolopyranopyrimidine derivatives

“…Additionally, pyrazole compounds find application in industry as agricultural nutrients and market dyes ( Zhang et al, 2016 ). Notably, fusing the pyrazole ring with other heterocycles gives rise to valuable structures known as biological hybrid compounds, exhibiting diverse properties such as anti-tumor ( Singh et al, 2006 ; Bekhit et al, 2015 ; Han et al, 2015 ), anti-bacterial, anti-fungal ( Sharma and Singh, 2020 ; Shaik et al, 2023 ), anti-inflammatory and anti-viral ( Nasr and Gineinah, 2002 ), as well as properties targeting conditions such as Alzheimer’s, anxiety, depression, and hyperglycemia ( Gupta et al, 2023 ). Pyrazopyridines and pyrazolopyrimidines are recognized as medicinal families within this category ( Safaei-Ghomi et al, 2016 ; Azizi et al, 2019 ).…”