An updated plant checklist of the Brazilian Caatinga seasonally dry forests and woodlands reveals high species richness and endemism

Fernandes, Moabe Ferreira; Cardoso, Domingos; Queiroz, Luciano Paganucci de

doi:10.1016/j.jaridenv.2019.104079

Cited by 126 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The predominant biome in NEB is the Caatinga Phytogeographic Domain (nearly 52.5% of NEB with 844.453 km 2 ), followed by the Savanna/Cerrado (29.4%), Atlantic Forest (10.7%), and Amazon (7.4%). The Caatinga occurs only in NEB, and it is formed by xerophytic plants, mostly deciduous trees and shrubs, and annual therophytic herbs [ 73 ], with more than 3300 plant species, of which over 500 species are endemic [ 74 ].…”

Section: Coccidioidomycosis In Brazilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coccidioidomycosis in Brazil: Historical Challenges of a Neglected Disease

Cordeiro

Moura

Castelo-Branco

et al. 2021

JoF

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Coccidioidomycosis is a deep-seated fungal infection that occurs exclusively in semiarid areas in the Americas. In Brazil, coccidioidomycosis occurs exclusively in rural areas in the northeast region and affects counties that are hit by recurrent droughts, poverty and economic stagnation. Since 1978, approximately 136 cases of the disease have been reported in Brazil, according to scientific publications. However, a lack of governmental epidemiological data as well as a similarity to tuberculosis have led scientists and experts to assume that a greater number of cases occur in the country, which are not diagnosed and/or reported. In this review, general characteristics of coccidioidomycosis are presented, followed by a description of the main clinical and epidemiological data of cases in Brazil. The purpose of this article is to discuss the inclusion of coccidioidomycosis in the list of neglected tropical diseases. We believe that the adoption of coccidioidomycosis as a neglected tropical disease will enable the creation of an effective epidemiological surveillance system and the development of feasible public health solutions for its control in vulnerable populations.

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Section: Coccidioidomycosis In Brazilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coccidioidomycosis in Brazil: Historical Challenges of a Neglected Disease

Cordeiro

Moura

Castelo-Branco

et al. 2021

JoF

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“…Specifically, because the wide territory occupied by the Cerrado (Brazilian savanna) and Amazonia rain forest border eastern Brazil's SDTF, this area is one of the most isolated SDTF nucleuses (Prado & Gibbs, 1993;Queiroz, 2006;Queiroz & al., 2017). Great floristic divergence from other SDTF fragments and high rates of endemism in eastern Brazil's SDTF (Sarmiento, 1975;Fernandes & al., 2020) strongly underline long isolation of this nucleus.…”

Section: E Peperomioidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Leal & al., 2005). Additionally, this region has the highest level of biodiversity and endemism compared to other SDTFs in South America (Queiroz, 2006; Cardoso & al., 2013; DRYFLOR, 2016; Queiroz & al., 2017; Fernandes & al., 2020). The Caatinga comprises a diversity of geological formations (Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Euphorbia L., with around 2000 species, is one of the largest genera of angiosperms (Govaerts & al., 2020) and comprises four subgenera with a multitude of growth forms and a worldwide distribution with some remarkable disjunctions (Bruyns & al., 2011; Horn & al., 2012; Dorsey & al., 2013). Yet, despite the complex and intriguing distribution of many clades in this group, Euphorbia has been neglected as a candidate for biogeographical studies in South America, in general (Bruyns & al., 2011; Horn & al., 2012), and more specifically in SDTF formations, even though Euphorbiaceae are considered an important element of SDTF communities (Gentry, 1995; Fernandes & al., 2020). Euphorbia subg.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biogeography of succulent spurges from Brazilian Seasonally Dry Tropical Forest (SDTF)

Hurbath

Stubbs

Cordeiro

et al. 2020

TAXON

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Seasonally Dry Tropical Forests (SDTFs) are found scattered throughout the Neotropics, from northwestern Mexico to northern Argentina, and southwestern and eastern Brazil, with eastern Brazil having the largest and most isolated fragment of SDTF, known as Caatinga. Growing knowledge from dated phylogenies and ancestral reconstruction studies suggests that SDTF lineages are nested in geographically structured phylogenies with clades highly restricted to each disjunct patch. To address these hypotheses, we investigated the biogeographic history of Euphorbia sect. Brasilienses, a group of succulent spurges from eastern Brazil's SDTF. To this aim, we assembled a concatenated matrix from 126 accessions with four markers (302 sequences from previous studies and 19 newly generated): one nuclear (ITS1) and three plastid (matK, ndhF, trnL-trnF) loci. Our results showed that clade Brasilienses and its sister group Stachydium diverged from a common ancestor during the Miocene around 16.5 Ma. Clade Stachydium was recovered with a mean crown age of 7.7 Ma, while clade Brasilienses was recovered as a relatively young group that started diversifying about 3.1 Ma. Biogeographic results showed that the ancestral range of the clade Stachydium + Brasilienses comprised the Andes and eastern Brazil's SDTF, therefore suggesting past connections between western and eastern South America. The ancestral range of clade Brasilienses was restricted to eastern Brazil SDTF, which contrasts with clade Stachydium, which was recovered with a broader ancestral range around Late Miocene. Our results suggest limited dispersal abilities, niche conservatisms and an origin for E. sect. Brasilienses pre-dating the Pleistocene. By contributing to the understanding of the origin and diversification of this group of endemic spurges, our study provides insights into the history of this SDTF in eastern South America.

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“…The species are adapted to the semiarid climate, with marked seasonality and scarce and irregularly distributed rains (Andrade-Lima 1981, Pennington et al 2000, Silva et al 2004. Due to these extreme conditions and its geographical isolation from other SDTF groups (Linares-Palomino 2010 ) by the barriers formed by the seasonal, fire exposed Cerrado and perhumid Amazon Rainforest biomes, the Caatinga presents almost 530 species of endemic flora (Fernandes et al 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution and conservation of Cactaceae in Brazilian Seasonally Dry Tropical Forests: insights from floristic and phytosociological surveys

et al. 2021

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Species lists available from floristic and phytosociological studies contain important information about species distributions that are useful for making biogeographical inferences and even to evaluate conservation status of species and ecosystems. In the case of the Caatinga, this information may contribute to challenging the pre-established idea that it is a homogeneous vegetation unit. The strong relation between the substrate and the plant assemblages of the Caatinga may characterise different types of vegetation. In this way, the objective of the present study is to evaluate whether differences in the distribution of Cactaceae relate to distinctive types of substrate (sedimentary and crystalline) as much in terms of floristic richness as species density. Concomitantly, we evaluated the conservation status of the Caatinga areas studied. To obtain the data, we undertook a bibliographic revision of floristic and phytosociological studies in the Caatinga and constructed a similarity matrix using the selected floristic studies in order to evaluate the relation among different areas of Caatinga. We found that 48 areas included Cactaceae species; 33 species distributed in 14 genera were recorded. Among these taxa, Cereus jamacaru was the species that presented the largest number of occurrences, appearing in 17 areas, followed by Pilosocereus gounellei (=Xiquexique gounellei), found in 11 studies, and Tacinga inamoena in 10. The grouping analysis resulted in the formation of 10 groups, with a remarkable relationship between species and soil type. There were differences in both the diversity and density of species related with the degree of conservation of the Caatinga, noticeable from the direct relationship between conservation and richness and, indirectly, between density and number of species.

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An updated plant checklist of the Brazilian Caatinga seasonally dry forests and woodlands reveals high species richness and endemism

Cited by 126 publications

References 33 publications

Coccidioidomycosis in Brazil: Historical Challenges of a Neglected Disease

Coccidioidomycosis in Brazil: Historical Challenges of a Neglected Disease

Biogeography of succulent spurges from Brazilian Seasonally Dry Tropical Forest (SDTF)

Distribution and conservation of Cactaceae in Brazilian Seasonally Dry Tropical Forests: insights from floristic and phytosociological surveys

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