An update on the global vaccine development for coronavirus

Rab, Shanay; Afjal,; Javaid, Mohd; Haleem, Abid; Vaishya, Raju

doi:10.1016/j.dsx.2020.10.023

Cited by 23 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 10 publications

(6 reference statements)

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“… 179 In addition, the clearance of Phase 3 clinical trials of the liposomal mRNA vaccine (BNT162b) developed by Pfizer can be considered a great achievement of nanomedicine. 328 Moreover, the technology that deactivates SARS-CoV-2 in the external environment using nanomaterials, such as Ag-NPs, 307–310 NPs with Cu or CuO, 314 and GDs, 316 and diagnostic technology that can quickly detect SARS-CoV-2 without the use of expensive equipment by applying GNs, 329 are also contributing towards the prevention and control of COVID-19. Nonetheless, owing to the complex situation caused by COVID-19, it is believed that the existing platform needs to be modified in order for the research in various fields globally to be more efficient.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Nanotechnology in the COVID-19 Pandemic

Yang¹

2021

IJN

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COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection, has been prevalent worldwide for almost a year. In early 2000, there was an outbreak of SARS-CoV, and in early 2010, a similar dissemination of infection by MERS-CoV occurred. However, no clear explanation for the spread of SARS-CoV-2 and a massive increase in the number of infections has yet been proposed. The best solution to overcome this pandemic is the development of suitable and effective vaccines and therapeutics. Fortunately, for SARS-CoV-2, the genome sequence and protein structure have been published in a short period, making research and development for prevention and treatment relatively easy. In addition, intranasal drug delivery has proven to be an effective method of administration for treating viral lung diseases. In recent years, nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems have been applied to intranasal drug delivery to overcome various limitations that occur during mucosal administration, and advances have been made to the stage where effective drug delivery is possible. This review describes the accumulated knowledge of the previous SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV infections and aims to help understand the newly emerged SARS-CoV-2 infection. Furthermore, it elucidates the achievements in developing COVID-19 vaccines and therapeutics to date through existing approaches. Finally, the applicable nanotechnology approach is described in detail, and vaccines and therapeutic drugs developed based on nanomedicine, which are currently undergoing clinical trials, have presented the potential to become innovative alternatives for overcoming COVID-19.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Nanotechnology in the COVID-19 Pandemic

Yang¹

2021

IJN

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“…They exhibit a highly specific and rapid gene delivery mechanism into the host cell and trigger a vigorous immune response. Belonging to this class, Gam-COVID-Vac (better known as Sputnik V) [74] developed by Gamaleya Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, is the first nCOVID19 vaccine to be available for public administration and functions by expressing viral S protein. Though it has attained modest approval from the Health Ministry of the Russian Federation, it is yet to undergo phase 3 trials and rigorous screening procedures prior to achieving any international recognition.…”

Section: Immunotherapeutic Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemotherapy vs. Immunotherapy in combating nCOVID19: An update

Choudhury

Mukherjee

2021

Human Immunology

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The nCOVID-19 pandemic initiated its course of contagion from the city of Wuhan and now it has spread all over the globe. SARS-CoV-2 is the causative virus and the infection as well as its symptoms are distributed across the multi-organ perimeters. Interactions between the host and virus governs the induction of ‘cytokine storm’ resulting various immunopathological consequences leading to death. Till now it has caused tens of millions of casualties and yet no credible cure has emerged to vision. This article presents a comprehensive overview on the two most promising remedial approaches that are being attempted for the management, treatment, and plausible cure of nCOVID-19. In this context, chemotherapeutic approach primarily aims to interrupt the interactions between the host and the virus causing inhibition of its entry into the host cell and/or its proliferation and suppressing the inflammatory milieu in the infected patients. On the other side, immunotherapeutic approaches aim to modulate the host immunity by fine tuning the inflammatory signaling cascades to achieve phylaxis from the virus and restoring immune-homeostasis. Considering most of the path-breaking findings, combinatorial therapy involving of chemotherapeutics as well as vaccine could usher to be a hope for all of us to eradicate the crisis

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“…The Oxford-AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine is an adenovirus vector vaccine [93] that has an efficacy ranging from 62% to 90% [94]. Its use has been approved in several countries such as India, Pakistan, Nepal, Brazil, and Argentina amongst many [95]. The BBIBP-CorV (Sinopharm) and CoronaVac (Sinovac) vaccines are inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, which have shown 79% and 65-91% efficacy, respectively [96][97][98][99][100].…”

Section: Vaccination: Past Present and Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive review and update on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): what do we know now in 2021?

Ramphul¹,

Ramphul²,

Park³

et al. 2021

Arch Med Sci Atheroscler Dis

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It has been more than a year since the new virus called severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was identified in Wuhan, China. The disease it causes was named Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), and on 11 March 2020 it was declared a pandemic. As the virus continues to spread, the number of patients worldwide has already crossed the 100 million mark with more than 2 million deaths. We sought to provide an update on the progress made in identifying the virus, its pathophysiology, risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, and smoking, as well as various methods of treatment. Our review also provided an overview of the different vaccines.

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An update on the global vaccine development for coronavirus

Cited by 23 publications

References 10 publications

Application of Nanotechnology in the COVID-19 Pandemic

Application of Nanotechnology in the COVID-19 Pandemic

Chemotherapy vs. Immunotherapy in combating nCOVID19: An update

A comprehensive review and update on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): what do we know now in 2021?

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