An Unusual Explosive, Triacetonetriperoxide (TATP)

Evans, Hiram K.; Tulleners, F.A.J.; Sanchez, Bernard; Rasmussen, C

doi:10.1520/jfs11122j

Cited by 68 publications

(52 citation statements)

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“…Due to its ease of synthesis and the ready availability of its precursors, it has been implicated in an increasing number of explosion incidents. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Ethylene glycol dinitrate (EGDN) is a well-recognised explosive compound which has had a high level of historical use. [10] It is relatively rare to find traces of explosives in an everyday environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing a novel contact heater as a new method of recovering explosives traces from porous surfaces

Lewis

Beardah

et al. 2016

Talanta

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Assessing a novel contact heater as a new method of recovering explosives traces from porous surfaces , & NicDaeid, N. (2016). Assessing a novel contact heater as a new method of recovering explosives traces from porous surfaces. Talanta, 148, 721-728. DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015 General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in Discovery Research Portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights.• Users may download and print one copy of any publication from Discovery Research Portal for the purpose of private study or research.• You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain.• You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal. Take down policyIf you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. AbstractIt can be very challenging to recover explosive traces from porous surfaces, such as clothing and car seats, compared to non-porous surfaces. The contact heater has been developed as a novel instrument designed to recover explosives traces from porous surfaces. Samples are taken by heating and drawing air across a surface, with the air flowing through a sampling cartridge containing adsorbent polymer beads, which act to trap any recovered explosive material. Any collected explosive can then be eluted from this cartridge using a solvent, prior to analysis. This paper outlines work performed to evaluate the usefulness of the contact heater with regards to the recovery of explosives traces from porous materials. Ethylene glycol dinitrate (EGDN) and triacetone triperoxide (TATP) were chosen as two representative explosives for this study. Quantification was performed using GC-MS for EGDN and LC-MS/MS for TATP. Different sampling temperatures, sampling times and elution solvents were investigated. Recovery was trialled from leather, carpet and denim. Reasonable recoveries of up to 71% were obtained following optimisation. It was also possible to recover TATP from fabrics exposed to TATP vapour in a vapour-laden jar up to two hours after exposure. The contact heater therefore appears to be a very useful tool for the recovery of explosives traces from porous materials.© 2016. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing a novel contact heater as a new method of recovering explosives traces from porous surfaces

Lewis

Beardah

et al. 2016

Talanta

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“…The drop height tends to converge as the temperature reached 70 °C, which is probably due to the evaporation of water in the samples. Also, the melting point of pure TATP is 91 °C 19 and the TATP easily sublimes, both of which limit the upper temperature range.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Device for Testing Thermal Impact Sensitivity of High Explosives

Zhang

Weeks

2010

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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A drop‐weight instrument is described to investigate the impact sensitivity of high explosives at elevated temperatures. This test is typically performed to discover potential safety aspects of either newly synthesized materials of unknown behavior. Normally, drop‐weight impact sensitivity tests are conducted at room temperature, since high explosives are often stored or handled at room temperature. The instrument described here has the capability of heating the samples from ambient to 300 °C prior to impact. The thermal impact sensitivities of PETN, TATP, HMX, and silver azide (AgN3) as a function of temperature are obtained. The phase transition of HMX can clearly be observed by a significant decrease in the impact height in situ.

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“…TATP can be identified by means of IR spectroscopy or chemical ionization-mass spectrometry (CI-MS) [3,4,12]. Similar methods are also described for the identification of HMTD [12,13].…”

Section: -13_mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Presented at: 24 m International Symposium on Chromatography, Leipzig, Germany, September 15 20, 2002 connected with the use of TATP and H M T D are found in a number of different areas, such as terrorism [1,2] and accidents caused by amateur chemists [3], but also drug-related crimes [4]. As the number of cases is still growing, it is particularly important to have a robust method available for trace level analysis that can be used by both police and governmental laboratories at low cost.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid chromatography—Post-column photochemical conversion and electrochemical detection for determination of peroxide-based explosives

Schulte-Ladbeck

Kärst

2003

Chromatographia

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SummaryA quantitative trace analysis method for peroxide-based explosives is described. This method uses reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with post-column UV irradiation and electrochemical detection for analysis of triacetonetriperoxide (TATP) and hexamethylenetriperoxide diamine (HMTD). The analytes are initially separated and subsequently decomposed photochemically to hydrogen peroxide, which is finally determined by electrochemical detection. Parameters of the method were optimized for lowest detection limits and fast separation. The limits of detection were 3 x 10-6 M for both TATP and HMTD, respectively. This detection scheme is significantly easier to use than earlier methods applying photochemical decomposition, enzymatic post-column reaction and fluorescence detection for analysis of peroxide-based explosives.

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An Unusual Explosive, Triacetonetriperoxide (TATP)

Abstract: An unusual primary explosive, triacetonetriperoxide (TATP), was found along with instructions for its manufacture from commonly available ingredients. Melting point data, an infrared spectrum, and both chemical ionization and electron impact mass spectra are included.

Cited by 68 publications

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Assessing a novel contact heater as a new method of recovering explosives traces from porous surfaces

Assessing a novel contact heater as a new method of recovering explosives traces from porous surfaces

A Device for Testing Thermal Impact Sensitivity of High Explosives

Liquid chromatography—Post-column photochemical conversion and electrochemical detection for determination of peroxide-based explosives

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