An unusual complication following ventriculoperitoneal shunting

Abstract

We present the case of a ten-year old boy diagnosed with a rare syndrome as a complication of a commonly performed Neurosurgical procedure. To our knowledge this association has not been described in the literature and we discuss the plausible aetiology.

Fatal outcome of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) in a lupus nephropathy patient: A case report

“…PRES tends to concern more women than men. Risk factors are numerous, including hypertension, eclampsia, auto-immune diseases, such as SLED, renal dysfunction, thrombocytopenic thrombotic purpura, hemolytic-uremic syndrome, immunosuppressive drugs, bone marrow/stem cell/organ transplantation, sepsis, hyperamonemia, sickle cell disease [8] and even ventriculo-peritoneal shunt insertion/overshunting [9] . A lumbar puncture could be useful to eliminate meningitis, or a malignant cause.…”

Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome in a Pediatric Patient with End-Stage Renal Disease

“…The literature describes a female predominance in the patient population, implying that some underlying comorbidities are gender-specific [ 4 , 5 ]. PRES can occur secondary to different conditions, including hypertension, systemic infections, COVID-19 [ 6 , 7 ], autoimmune diseases (systemic lupus erythematosus or Wegener’s granulomatosis), hemolytic uremic syndrome, thrombocytopenic thrombotic purpura, sickle cell disease [ 8 ], ventriculoperitoneal shunt insertion/overshunting [ 9 ], malignant tumors, chemotherapy or immunosuppression and drug toxicity (calcineurin inhibitors, cyclophosphamide, tacrolimus, azathioprine, erythropoietin, L-asparaginase and filgrastim) [ 10 , 11 , 12 ]. The most common clinical signs are headaches, seizures, acute confusion or an altered mental state and visual disturbances such as reversible cortical blindness [ 3 , 13 ].…”