An unusual case of primary effusion lymphoma in a HIV‐negative patient not pathogenetically associated with HHV8

Shimazaki, M; Fujita, Miri; Tsukamoto, Kenichi; Matsuki, Takayuki; Iwata, Michihiro; Takahashi, Hiroshi; Doi, Atsushi; Hyakkoku, Masaya; Yamauchi, Kazuaki; Genda, Satoshi; Kikuiri, Tsuyoshi; Sakamoto, Takashi; Nojiri, Shuichi; Ashie, Takeshi

doi:10.1034/j.1600-0609.2003.00083.x

Cited by 46 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(72 reference statements)

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“…Two hundred and twelve cases in 99 papers [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50,51,52,53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72,73,74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90,91,92,93,94,95,96,97,9...…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Human Herpes Virus 8 Related Primary Effusion Lymphoma with Human Herpes Virus 8 Unrelated Primary Effusion Lymphoma-Like Lymphoma on the Basis of HIV: Report of 2 Cases and Review of 212 Cases in the Literature

Kobayashi

Kamitsuji²,

Kuroda

et al. 2006

Acta Haematol

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Background: Primary lymphomatous effusion is a rare lymphoma that arises in the body cavity and has a peculiar proliferative form, lacking a tumor. This primary lymphomatous effusion includes human herpes virus 8 (HHV8)-related primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) and HHV8-unrelated PEL-like lymphoma. We attempted to clarify the nature of the primary lymphomatous effusion. Methods: Using ‘PEL’ and ‘body cavity-based lymphoma’ (BCBL) as key words, reports written in English were collected from PubMed. Primary lymphomatous effusion was defined as BCBL with primary effusion and without tumor at onset. Adding our 2 PEL-like lymphoma cases, each case was studied as to the patients’ and lymphomas’ characteristics, therapy and survival time. Moreover, each item was compared among four groups according to the presence of HHV8 and HIV. Results: In 214 cases investigated, there was no difference in proliferation, but an apparent difference in age, gender, phenotype, effectiveness and prognosis among the four groups. Conclusions: Both PEL and PEL-like lymphoma are thought to be characterized by a peculiar proliferation, regardless of the presence of HHV8. Dividing PEL or PEL-like lymphoma into two subgroups on the basis of HIV presentation might also be appropriate.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Human Herpes Virus 8 Related Primary Effusion Lymphoma with Human Herpes Virus 8 Unrelated Primary Effusion Lymphoma-Like Lymphoma on the Basis of HIV: Report of 2 Cases and Review of 212 Cases in the Literature

Kobayashi

Kamitsuji²,

Kuroda

et al. 2006

Acta Haematol

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“…106 These large and round, neoplastic lymphoid cells with abundant basophilic cytoplasm, round nuclei, and prominent nucleoli have plasmablastic or immunoblastic differentiation 107,108 and appear to bridge features of large-cell immunoblastic and anaplastic large-cell lymphoma. 91,109,110 However, rare cases with L 3 appearance and small noncleaved cell morphology 111 or large cells, which may represent an unusual subset of Burkitt-like lymphoma, 112 have been described. According to Carbone et al, 98 PEL are distinguished into BCBL, Burkitt's lymphoma (BL), and immunoblastic lymphoma, based on morphologic, immunophenotypic, virologic, and genotypic features.…”

Section: Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 98%

“…108 According to many groups of investigators, PEL is considered as a unique subgroup of B-cell lymphoma 89,94,111,112,115 with positive ICC reactions for the following markers: CD 10, CD 19, CD 20, CD 22, CD 23, and CD 79a, and clonal rearrangement of j chain and Ig heavy chain. According to Matolcsy et al 116 PEL may represent transformation of B-cell at different stages of ontogeny.…”

Section: Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Serous effusions in malignant lymphomas: A review

Das

2006

Diagnostic Cytopathology

198

231

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Serous effusions are a common complication of lymphomas. Although the frequency of pleural effusion is 20-30% in non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) and Hodgkin's disease (HD), the involvement of peritoneal and pericardial cavities is uncommon. Among lymphoma subtypes, T-cell neoplasms, especially the lymphoblastic lymphomas, more frequently involve the serous fluids. The thoracic duct obstruction and impaired lymphatic drainage appear to be the primary mechanism for pathogenesis of pleural effusion in HD and direct pleural infiltration is the predominant cause in NHL. There is wide variation in rate of positive cytologic findings of NHL in pleural effusion (22.2-94.1%). Cytologic features of specific lymphoma subtypes such as lymphoblastic lymphoma, follicular center cell lymphoma, including Burkitt-type lymphoma, marginal zone lymphoma, MALT lymphoma, and anaplastic large-cell lymphoma, etc., have been described in the literature. The differential diagnostic problems of lymphomas in serous effusions include reactive lymphocytoses, early involvement by lymphomatous process, small round-cell tumors (SRCT), and presence of look-alike of Reed-Sternberg cells. To overcome these difficulties, various ancillary studies, including immunocytochemistry (ICC), morphometry, flow cytometry (FCM), and cytogenetics/molecular genetics (PCR, in-situ hybridization, and Southern blotting), have been performed on effusion specimens. ICC not only distinguishes lymphomas from reactive lymphocytoses and SRCTs, it significantly modifies the morphologic diagnosis to achieve a better classification of lymphomas. Combined morphology and immunophenotyping by FCM, has a sensitivity as well as specificity of 100%. Morphometry also distinguishes reactive lymphocytoses from malignant lymphoma with a high degree of sensitivity (>85%) and specificity (>95%). Limitations of individual ancillary techniques can be overcome by using multiple parameters. Although lymphomas rarely present as serous effusions without the involvement of other thoracic and extrathoracic sites, a small group of lymphomas called primary effusion lymphomas (PEL) exhibit exclusive or dominant involvement of serous cavities, without a detectable solid tumor mass. This body cavity based lymphoma (BCBL) is a distinct clinicopathologic entity and is found predominantly in AIDS patients with preexisting Kaposi sarcoma. In the absence of obstructive or infiltrative tumor mass, its pathogenesis has been attributed to stimulation by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/vascular permeability factor (VPF), leading to vascular leakage. Cytomorphologically, PEL is usually a large-cell lymphoma, which appears to bridge features of large-cell immunoblastic and anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL). Most of these cases comprise a unique subgroup of B-cell lymphoma, with features of both high-grade anaplastic and B-immunoblastic lymphoma, but T-cell and/or natural killer cell immunophenotypes are described. Its association with various viral DNAs has been studied in detail by molecular techn...

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“…Furthermore, pleural biopsies may provide material to detect the possible association with EBV or HHV-8, by DNA sequencing, in patients with NHL. Although the association of NHL and EBV or HHV-8 is uncommon in non-HIV patients, rare cases have been reported [13, 14]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare Cases of Primary Pleural Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas

Steiropoulos

Kouliatsis²,

Karpathiou³

et al. 2008

Respiration

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Primary pleural lymphoma is rare. It occurs in only 7% of lymphoma cases. We report herein two cases of primary pleural Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin follicular lymphomas diagnosed by thoracoscopy under local anesthesia. Both patients presented initially with dyspnea revealing pleural effusions. The pleural findings during thoracoscopy differed in the two cases and selective pleural biopsies under optical forceps led to the diagnosis of lymphoma. To date, primary pleural Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin follicular lymphomas have not been reported.

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An unusual case of primary effusion lymphoma in a HIV‐negative patient not pathogenetically associated with HHV8

Cited by 46 publications

References 28 publications

Comparison of Human Herpes Virus 8 Related Primary Effusion Lymphoma with Human Herpes Virus 8 Unrelated Primary Effusion Lymphoma-Like Lymphoma on the Basis of HIV: Report of 2 Cases and Review of 212 Cases in the Literature

Comparison of Human Herpes Virus 8 Related Primary Effusion Lymphoma with Human Herpes Virus 8 Unrelated Primary Effusion Lymphoma-Like Lymphoma on the Basis of HIV: Report of 2 Cases and Review of 212 Cases in the Literature

Serous effusions in malignant lymphomas: A review

Rare Cases of Primary Pleural Hodgkin and Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas

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