“…Azacyclam complexes can be easily synthesized through a template reaction [ 68 ] involving the acyclic ligand 2.3.2-tet (1,9-diamino-3,7-diazanonane), a transition metal ion (usually Ni 2+ or Cu 2+ ), formaldehyde, and a “locking fragment” ( LF ), which can be a primary amine [ 59 , 60 , 69 , 70 , 71 , 72 , 73 ], an amide [ 55 , 74 , 75 , 76 ], or sulfonamide [ 55 , 74 , 77 , 78 ], as well as a urea derivative [ 79 ]. LF s behave as formal diprotic acids and react by firmly locking the tetraamine chain around the metal ion, thus yielding the macrocyclic structure.…”