An Ultra-High Frame Rate Ion Imaging Platform Using ISFET Arrays With Real-Time Compression

Zeng, Junming; Kuang, Lei; Cacho-Soblechero, Miguel; Georgiou, Pantelis

doi:10.1109/tbcas.2021.3105328

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The design of fully integrated chemical-sensing systems using CMOS process has enabled the development of ISFET arrays, which are useful for multiplexed ion-imaging applications with integrated instrumentation and on-chip processing. [387,388] The research on ISFET array is a multidisciplinary approach, that is, identifying the requirement, process development, and finally designing the framework. Moser et al have extensively reviewed the development of ISFET arrays for lab-on-chip technology.…”

Section: Isfet Arraysmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive review of FET‐based pH sensors: materials, fabrication technologies, and modeling

Sinha

Pal

2021

Electrochemical Science Adv

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The demand for miniaturized point‐of‐care chemical/biochemical sensors has driven the development of field‐effect transistors (FETs) based pH sensors over the last 50 years. This paper aims to review the fabrication technologies, device structures, sensing film materials, and modeling techniques utilized for FET‐based pH sensors. We present the governing principles of potentiometric sensors, with major focus on the working principles of ion‐sensitive FETs (ISFETs). We extensively review different sensing film materials deposited by various techniques, which is critical to the sensing performance of ISFETs. The popular fabrication technologies have been presented, with special emphasis on state‐of‐the‐art silicon‐on‐insulator based technology, which can achieve high sensitivity by utilizing the dual‐gate effect. Furthermore, recent advancements in nano‐ISFETs has been elucidated. We also discuss the adoption of unmodified complementary metal‐oxide semiconductor (CMOS) ISFETs using standard CMOS processes, which has enabled the fabrication of integrated ISFET arrays, which are especially suited for ion‐imaging applications. Moreover, recent developments in extended‐gate FETs has been discussed, which have gained lot of attention due to their design flexibility and ease of fabrication, which is desirable for wearable sensing applications. In addition, recently there have been efforts to utilize nonsilicon channel materials for pH‐sensing application to obtain superior performance and various channel materials have been reviewed. Finally, we have extensively reviewed the ISFET device modeling and simulation techniques using various computer‐aided design tools, which aid in sensor design and characterization.

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Section: Isfet Arraysmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive review of FET‐based pH sensors: materials, fabrication technologies, and modeling

Sinha

Pal

2021

Electrochemical Science Adv

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“…Specifications for this prototype system are summarized in Table III and comparison with state-of-the-art [4,18,[43][44][45][46][47][48] is provided in Table IV. In Table IV Our differential iSPIXEL array chip is robust to nonidealities (drift, temperature sensitivity, and other forms of noise) thus guaranteeing a high SNR and resolution to pH using a simple architecture that occupies minimal silicon area.…”

Section: Conclusion and Future Scopementioning

confidence: 99%

ISFET Pixel Array With Selectable Sensitivity and Bulk-Based Offset-Drift Nullification Capability for Reduction of Non-Ideality Effects

Prathap

Titus

2023

IEEE Sensors J.

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This paper presents a monolithic, cost-effective, label free, low power, robust 3x2 fully differential ISFET pixel array aimed at pH sensing. Each pixel is based on a differential readout architecture which eliminates need for additional non-ideality compensation circuitry. Additionally, the design offers the capability to correct for residual drift and trapped charge offset through substrate-based voltage adjustment during calibration. The design also provides a unique ability for selecting pH sensitivity according to the desired mode of operation which has not been demonstrated previously. We present experimental results obtained from the pixel array fabricated in an unmodified AMS 0.35μm CMOS process using a 3.3V power supply. Each pixel demonstrates a differential sensitivity of 61mV/pH when operated in high sensitivity mode and 25mV/pH when operated in high non-ideality rejection mode over the entire pH range, with the ability to remove the already small drift of 0.3 mV/min and any offset mismatch by adjusting the substrate voltage.

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Section: Conclusion and Future Scopementioning

confidence: 99%

ISFET Pixel Array With Selectable Sensitivity and Bulk-Based Offset-Drift Nullification Capability for Reduction of Non-Ideality Effects

Prathap¹

2023

Preprint

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<p>This paper presents a monolithic, cost-effective, label free, low power, robust 3x2 fully differential ISFET pixel array aimed at pH sensing. Each pixel is based on a differential readout architecture which eliminates need for additional non-ideality compensation circuitry. Additionally, the design offers the capability to correct for residual drift and trapped charge offset through substrate-based voltage adjustment during calibration. The design also provides a unique ability for selecting pH sensitivity according to the desired mode of operation which has not been demonstrated previously. We present experimental results obtained from the pixel array fabricated in an unmodified AMS 0.35μm CMOS process using a 3.3V power supply. Each pixel demonstrates a differential sensitivity of 61mV/pH when operated in high sensitivity mode and 25mV/pH when operated in high non-ideality rejection mode over the entire pH range, with the ability to remove the already small drift of 0.3 mV/min and any offset mismatch by adjusting the substrate voltage </p>

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An Ultra-High Frame Rate Ion Imaging Platform Using ISFET Arrays With Real-Time Compression

Cited by 10 publications

References 41 publications

A comprehensive review of FET‐based pH sensors: materials, fabrication technologies, and modeling

A comprehensive review of FET‐based pH sensors: materials, fabrication technologies, and modeling

ISFET Pixel Array With Selectable Sensitivity and Bulk-Based Offset-Drift Nullification Capability for Reduction of Non-Ideality Effects

ISFET Pixel Array With Selectable Sensitivity and Bulk-Based Offset-Drift Nullification Capability for Reduction of Non-Ideality Effects

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