“…5. In this circuit model, the RC network model represents the ability of the multilayer device structure to store, conduct, and inject charges by using sets of discrete and interconnected resistor and capacitor elements [10]. Here, a stable electric field is required to support regular resistances and capacitance.…”
“…5. In this circuit model, the RC network model represents the ability of the multilayer device structure to store, conduct, and inject charges by using sets of discrete and interconnected resistor and capacitor elements [10]. Here, a stable electric field is required to support regular resistances and capacitance.…”
“…Alternatively, the bias point can be preset in manufacturing, eliminating the need for a feedback circuit, or at the very least reducing the level of applied dc voltage. The long-term dc drift behavior is best described by an RC ladder model [36]. The initial applied field is determined by capacitive voltage division through the ladder.…”
Abstract-The current status of lithium-niobate external-modulator technology is reviewed with emphasis on design, fabrication, system requirements, performance, and reliability. The technology meets the performance and reliability requirements of current 2.5-, 10-, and 40-Gb/s digital communication systems, as well as CATV analog systems. The current trend in device topology is toward higher data rates and increased levels of integration. In particular, multiple high-speed modulation functions, such as 10-Gb/s return-to-zero pulse generation plus data modulation, have been achieved in a single device.
“…As a result, modulation characteristics change. This behavior can be modeled using an electrical network approach [65]. Each layer in the device can modeled by an equivalent resistance representing the flow of charge through it, and each interface can modeled by a capacitance representing the potential for charge storage.…”
In this paper, the basic principle of operation, design issues, limitations, recent developments and emerging research trends on wide-bandwidth lasers and modulators for radio-frequency photonic applications are reviewed. The topics covered are wide-bandwidth lasers, lumped and traveling-wave electroabsorption modulators, traveling-wave LiNbO 3 , GaAs, and polymer modulators.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.