An Overview on the Properties of Ximenia Oil Used as Cosmetic in Angola

Abstract

Ximenia (Ximenia americana L.) is a shrub, or small tree, native from Africa and spread across different continents. In Angola, the seeds oil is used by local populations, to prevent sunburn, to smooth and hydrate the skin, and to give it a pleasant color and elasticity, to prevent stretch marks, in pregnant woman, and also as hair conditioner. Herein, an oil sold in the region (LPO), and two others extracted in laboratory, from seeds collected in the same region, were investigated in terms of their composition, chemical properties, UV transmission. The three oils are similar although the LPO is more acidic, 0.48 mg KOH/g. GC-MS analysis indicated that the major components are the fatty acids, oleic (31.82%), nervonic (11.09%), ximenic (10.22%), and hexacosa-17,20,23-trienoic acids (14.59%). Long chain fatty acids, n ≥ 20, accounted for 51.1% of the total fatty acids. A thin film of the oil showed a reduction in transmittance from 200 to 300 nm. Viscosity studies of the LPO indicated that at normal temperature of skin, the oil can be spread over the skin as a thin film. At concentrations up to 10 µg/mL, the LPO is not toxic to human keratinocytes, suggesting the safety of this oil.

Comparative Physicochemical, Phytochemical Parameters and antiradical activities of Ximenia americana L. (Olacaceae) Almond Oils from three Locals Variants

“…The saponification values obtained were lower than those described by the authors Satoto et al [6] and Tanko et al [22] which were respectively 295.00 ± 0.17 mg KOH/g and 179.94 ± 1.69 mg KOH/g oil. However, other authors like Saeed & Bashier [25] found values of 11.43 mg KOH/g which were much lower than our results.…”

“…There is no significant difference (P > 0.05) between the yields obtained in the three sites. These yields are lower than the yields obtained by Oladipo, et al [20] and Satoto et al [6] using X. americana samples from Nigeria and Angola, which were 45.7% and 61.78%, respectively. There are multiple factors that could explain these differences: different pedoclimatic conditions, differences in extraction solvents and the conditions for collection, drying and conservation of the almonds used by these authors.…”

“…However; the almonds from the seeds of X. americana were found to contain high fat and could be used for oil and soap production [4,5]. Further studies demonstrated this oil is used in cosmetics [6,7] and treatment of skin diseases [8]. As the oil has softening properties it can also be applied in crafts for better treatment of the leather [9].…”

Rare fatty acids and lipids in plant oilseeds: occurrence and bioactivity

“…Nevertheless, ximenynic acid rich oils from plants are used as a skin cosmetic to improve skin hydration and elasticity and UV screen. It has been proved that it has anti-aging properties which can justify the skin protective effect of ximenynic acid rich fatty oils (Satoto et al 2020;Shivatare et al 2020). In addition, ximenynic acid and its ethyl ester have beeen reported to ameliorate blood circulation thus validating their use in the treatment of venous insufficiency cellulitis.…”

Neurocosmetics in Skincare—The Fascinating World of Skin–Brain Connection: A Review to Explore Ingredients, Commercial Products for Skin Aging, and Cosmetic Regulation

“…Carbo V Re-Constructor Serum, Carbo V Elixir, and Carbo V Re-Constructor-noninvasive "home care" treatments with effects similar to carboxytherapy-combine XIMILENE ® (ethyl ximenynate), arginine, and PROGELINE ™ -a remodeling peptideas an alternative to thread lifts [495][496][497][498].…”