An overview of the modification of g-C<sub>3</sub>N<sub>4</sub> with high carbon containing materials for photocatalytic applications

Patnaik, Sulagna; Martha, Satyabadi; Acharya, S.; Parida, Kulamani

doi:10.1039/c5qi00255a

Cited by 207 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 60 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…g-C 3 N 4 has a high thermal stability up to ≈600 °C and is chemically inert toward acids, bases, and organic solvents. [45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55] The inorganic transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) represent another type of emerging 2D semiconducting nanomaterial and have been attracting widespread attention due to their intriguing electronic, optical, and mechanical properties. [40][41][42][43][44] However, with a relatively large band gap (≈2.7 eV) and the existence of contact resistance between the nanosheets, g-C 3 N 4 exhibits a poor electrical conductivity and low photocatalytic activity owing to the rapid recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrids of Fullerenes and 2D Nanomaterials

2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fullerene has a definite 0D closed‐cage molecular structure composed of merely sp2‐hybridized carbon atoms, enabling it to serve as an important building block that is useful for constructing supramolecular assemblies and micro/nanofunctional materials. Conversely, graphene has a 2D layered structure, possessing an exceptionally large specific surface area and high carrier mobility. Likewise, other emerging graphene‐analogous 2D nanomaterials, such as graphitic carbon nitride (g‐C3N4), transition‐metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), hexagonal boron nitride (h‐BN), and black phosphorus (BP), show unique electronic, physical, and chemical properties, which, however, exist only in the form of a monolayer and are typically anisotropic, limiting their applications. Upon hybridization with fullerenes, noncovalently or covalently, the physical/chemical properties of 2D nanomaterials can be tailored and, in most cases, improved, significantly extending their functionalities and applications. Here, an exhaustive review of all types of hybrids of fullerenes and 2D nanomaterials, such as graphene, g‐C3N4, TMDs, h‐BN, and BP, including their preparations, structures, properties, and applications, is presented. Finally, the prospects of fullerene‐2D nanomaterial hybrids, especially the opportunity of creating unknown functional materials by means of hybridization, are envisioned.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrids of Fullerenes and 2D Nanomaterials

2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The graphitic structure of the pure g‐C 3 N 4 is maintained after its modification as indicated by diffraction patterns and supported with spectroscopic investigations. The bulk g‐C 3 N 4 is synthesized from the solid‐state conversion of melamine at 823 K for 4 h. The main (002) diffraction peak of the as‐prepared g‐C 3 N 4 decreased more than 50 % upon thermal re‐treatment (823 K, 2 h) under Ar gas flow, indicating the conversion of the bulk g‐C 3 N 4 into a nanosheet structure (Figure S1A) . The diffraction peak feature around the 2‐theta position of 13.1° became relatively prominent after the conversion of bulk into nanosheets.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ag decorated G‐C₃N₄/black titanium oxides composite for the destruction of environmental pollutant under solar irradiation

Masih

Rohani

2019

Can J Chem Eng

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Research on the synthesis of advanced composite materials is an important area of research on the visible-active photodegradation of environmental pollutants. Novel hybridized structures of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 ) are synthesized by a facile one-step in-situ method. Black titanium oxides, TiO, Ti 2 O 3 , a mixture of TiO + Ti 2 O 3 , and a reference material, white TiO 2 P25, are used for the synthesis of the hybridized g-C 3 N 4 and further decorated with Ag nanoparticles. Physicochemical and optical properties of the obtained materials are characterized by various techniques. XRD patterns revealed that the structural regularity of g-C 3 N 4 and titanium oxide(s) is maintained in the composites. However, the main diffraction peak for g-C 3 N 4 is prominently shifted to a lower 2-theta along with a decrease in the intensity, indicating the formation of g-C 3 N 4 nanosheet heterojunction. Vibrational spectra of the composites showed signature IR peaks for g-C 3 N 4 and demonstrated an enhancement in the vibrations after modifications, and further supported the XRD results. A distinct red-shift in the optical spectra of g-C 3 N 4 upon modifications with black titanium oxide(s) demonstrated an enhanced absorbance of visible light, yet on the contrast white TiO 2 P25 showed a blue-shift. Under the experimental conditions of simulated solar light, pristine g-C 3 N 4 , and its composites g-C 3 N 4 /TiO and g-C 3 N 4 / Ti 2 O 3 showed moderate activity for the photodegradation of an organic pollutant, rhodamine B. Interestingly, a synergistic enhancement in the photoactivity is demonstrated by the g-C 3 N 4 modified with a mixture of black titanium oxides (g-C 3 N 4 /TiO + Ti 2 O 3 ). On the other hand, the composite synthesized by a post-synthesis method is found less effective in photodegradation reaction.

show abstract

“…With the π‐conjugated structures, carbonaceous nanomaterials exhibit many unique optical and electric properties, which has attracted great attention as effective supports to couple with photocatalytic nanomaterials to retard the recombination of the photogenerated electron‐hole pairs . Loading carbon dots (CDs) onto the exterior surfaces of g‐C 3 N 4 shows fascinating characteristics for solar energy conversion.…”

Section: Strategies For Modifying Carbon Nitridementioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies for Efficient Solar Water Splitting Using Carbon Nitride

Yang

Wang

et al. 2017

Chemistry An Asian Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3 N 4 )-based photocatalysts are promising for photocatalytic water splitting to produce clean solar fuels due to their low cost, suitable band structure and excellent photocatalytic performance. This review focuseso nt he state-of-the-artp rogress of the strategies form odifying g-C 3 N 4 -based photocatalystst oward efficient photocatalytic water splitting. In particular, we highlight the importance of interfacial engineering and nanostructuralcontrol to facilitating charge separation and migration. Other strategies including doping and defecte ngineering are also concisely discussed. Finally,t he perspectives on the challenges and future development of g-C 3 N 4 -based photocatalysts are presented.

show abstract

An overview of the modification of g-C₃N₄ with high carbon containing materials for photocatalytic applications

Abstract: This review highlights the recent trends in modifying g-C3N4 with high carbon containing materials for H2 production and pollutant degradation.

Cited by 207 publications

References 60 publications

Hybrids of Fullerenes and 2D Nanomaterials

Hybrids of Fullerenes and 2D Nanomaterials

Ag decorated G‐C₃N₄/black titanium oxides composite for the destruction of environmental pollutant under solar irradiation

Strategies for Efficient Solar Water Splitting Using Carbon Nitride

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

An overview of the modification of g-C3N4 with high carbon containing materials for photocatalytic applications

Abstract: This review highlights the recent trends in modifying g-C3N4 with high carbon containing materials for H2 production and pollutant degradation.

Cited by 207 publications

References 60 publications

Hybrids of Fullerenes and 2D Nanomaterials

Hybrids of Fullerenes and 2D Nanomaterials

Ag decorated G‐C3N4/black titanium oxides composite for the destruction of environmental pollutant under solar irradiation

Strategies for Efficient Solar Water Splitting Using Carbon Nitride

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

An overview of the modification of g-C₃N₄ with high carbon containing materials for photocatalytic applications

Ag decorated G‐C₃N₄/black titanium oxides composite for the destruction of environmental pollutant under solar irradiation