An Overview of the Current State of Pediatric Scoliosis Management

Rüwald, Julian M; Eymael, Robin L; Upenieks, Janis; Zhang, Li; Jacobs, Cheryl; Pflugmacher, Robert; Schildberg, Frank A.

doi:10.1055/a-0965-7760

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 93 publications

(114 reference statements)

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“…After the patient has tried on the AIS orthosis, the doctor determines the amount of trim adjustment for the AIS orthosis based on the patient's feedback and adjusts the trim of the AIS orthosis according to the amount of trim adjustment. By adjusting the height of the pressure application zone of the AIS orthosis, the orthotic force exerted on the patient is thereby adjusted until the patient no longer experiences discomfort while wearing the orthosis [ 23 ]. As shown in Figure 7 , the determination of the amount of trim and trim adjustment is an important factor in ensuring that the AIS orthosis meets the individual needs of the patient.…”

Section: Overall Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The currently popular expert systems are mainly classified as rule-based reasoning-based expert systems [ 17 – 20 ], artificial neural network-based expert systems [ 21 ], and rough set-based expert systems [ 22 ]. In [ 23 ], a generative-based expert system shell design method was proposed and applied to the treatment of AIS; however, the system could not be fully applicable to the knowledge expression and reasoning of uncertain information in the design of AIS orthoses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study of Trunk Morphological Imbalance and Rehabilitation Outcome of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis with Intelligent Medicine

Zhao

Huang

et al. 2022

Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience

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In recent years, artificial intelligence technology has been widely used in various medical fields to effectively assist physicians in patient treatment operations. In this paper, we design and implement a deep biblical network model-based orthotic design for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis to quickly and effectively assist physicians in designing orthotics for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. A fuzzy set is used to express the knowledge of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis orthosis design, and a fuzzy reasoning based on the confidence level is implemented. Finally, the efficiency of the design of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis orthoses was improved by 50% through two cases of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients, and the deviation rate between the inference value and the actual operation value of the domain experts was less than 10%.

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Section: Overall Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Trunk Morphological Imbalance and Rehabilitation Outcome of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis with Intelligent Medicine

Zhao

Huang

et al. 2022

Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience

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“…Scoliosis affects millions of individuals worldwide; however, the pathogenesis remains unclear (25,26). Anatomically, the spine consists of vertebral bodies and intervertebral discs, which are mechanically passive and rigid.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical features and pathogenesis of scoliosis due to spinal astrocytoma

Zhang

Han

et al. 2023

Oncol Lett

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The aetiology of scoliosis remains unclear. Some studies have focused on the theory of possible muscular imbalance. The role of the spinal cord, which directly innervates the paraspinal muscles, in muscular imbalance has not yet been studied. Spinal astrocytomas often grow on one side of the spinal cord, destroying it asymmetrically. Asymmetrical damage to the spinal cord can lead to asymmetrical changes in paraspinal muscles. The present study investigated the effect of muscular imbalance on scoliosis by observing scoliosis caused by spinal astrocytomas. Patients diagnosed with spinal astrocytomas in a single centre were analysed, and the type and side of the symptoms, sagittal tumour position, scoliosis, end vertebrae and apical vertebrae of scoliosis were recorded. The tumour side was assumed from symptom type and side, and the cross-sectional area of the paraspinal muscles on both sides of the end vertebra was outlined and compared. The incidence of astrocytoma-induced scoliosis was significantly higher in patients with unilateral symptoms. The inferred tumour side was highly consistent with the convex side of scoliosis. The distal vertebral segments of scoliosis were consistent with the spinal cord segments involved in the astrocytomas. The apical vertebrae were more caudal in astrocytoma-induced scoliosis. The cross-sectional area of the multifidus muscle on the convex side of apical-level scoliosis was significantly smaller than that on the concave side. However, no significant differences were observed in the erector spinae muscles. Overall, spinal astrocytomas can cause asymmetric destruction of the corresponding spinal cord segment, resulting in asymmetric atrophy and weakness of the multifidus muscle innervated by the spinal cord segment, thereby causing scoliosis that is convex to the weaker side. This mechanism involves asymmetric lower neuron paralysis of the multifidus muscle. This is a type of scoliosis with several differences from idiopathic scoliosis.

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“…These advances have led to improved safety and significantly enhanced results of surgical scoliosis correction [3]. To date, surgery may halt curve progression and correct pathologic spinal curvature [4]. Among the pediatric spine deformities, idiopathic scoliosis is the most common [5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pediatric Scoliosis Surgery—A Comprehensive Analysis of Treatment-Specific Variables and Trends in Latvia

et al. 2020

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Background and Objectives: There are currently no data available regarding pediatric scoliosis surgery in Latvia. The aim of this article is to present treatment specific variables, investigate their interrelation, and identify predictors for the length of stay after surgical pediatric scoliosis correction. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included all surgical pediatric scoliosis corrections in Latvia for the years 2012 to 2016. Analyzed parameters were chosen to portray the patients’ demographics, pathology, as well as treatment specific variables. Descriptive, inferential, and linear regression statistics were calculated. Results: A total of 69 cases, 74% female and 26% male, were identified. The diagnostic subgroups consisted of 62% idiopathic (IDI) and 38% non-idiopathic (non-IDI) scoliosis cases. Non-IDI cases had significantly increased operation time, hospital stay, Cobb angle before surgery, and instrumented levels, while IDI cases showed significantly higher Cobb angle percentage correction. For all operated cases, the operation time and the hospital stay decreased significantly over the investigated time period. Early post-operative complications (PCs) occurred in 15.9% of the cases and were associated with increased hospital stay, instrumented levels, and Cobb angle before surgery. The linear regression analysis revealed that operation time and the presence of PCs were significant predictors for the length of the hospital stay. Conclusions: This is the first study to provide comprehensive insight into pediatric scoliosis surgery since its establishment in Latvia. Our regression model offers clinically applicable predictors and further underlines the significance of the operation length on the hospital stay. These results build the foundation for international comparison and facilitate improvement in the field.

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An Overview of the Current State of Pediatric Scoliosis Management

Cited by 7 publications

References 93 publications

Study of Trunk Morphological Imbalance and Rehabilitation Outcome of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis with Intelligent Medicine

Study of Trunk Morphological Imbalance and Rehabilitation Outcome of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis with Intelligent Medicine

Clinical features and pathogenesis of scoliosis due to spinal astrocytoma

Pediatric Scoliosis Surgery—A Comprehensive Analysis of Treatment-Specific Variables and Trends in Latvia

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