An overview of oral carcinogenesis

Manoharan, Shanmugam; Karthikeyan, S.; Essa, Musthafa Mohamed; Manimaran, Asokan; Selvasundram, Renganathan

doi:10.4103/2231-0738.179964

Cited by 24 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Oral cancer is present amongst 3 rd to 7 th decade age groups and most diagnosed cases are of the male population as compared to the female gender [2,3]. A multitude of causative factors result in carcinogenesis and development of this tumour [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Expression of Programmed Death Ligand-1 within Stages of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Immunohistochemical Analysis

Khan¹,

Syed²,

Wahab³

et al. 2020

JAMMR

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Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma is prevalent in South Asian countries with rising cases of its incidence and mortality. Despite advancements in treatment, survival and recurrence rates are poor. Immunotherapy is a novel therapeutic modality in immunooncology. Immune checkpoint proteins are under investigation for clinical implications amongst which Programmed Death Ligand-1 has shown valuable results in certain malignancies. Aims: To determine the immunohistochemical expression of Programmed Death Ligand-1(PD-L1) in oral squamous cell carcinoma and to find an association of Programmed Death Ligand-1 with stage and clinicopathological parameters of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Study Design: Cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Ziauddin Medical University, Karachi, 1 Year duration during 2018-2019. Methods: A total number of 140 biopsy confirmed cases of oral squamous cell carcinoma were recruited in the study. Immunohistochemical expression of Programmed Death Ligand-1 was evaluated and associated with the clinicopathological parameters of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). The data was statistically analyzed through Descriptive statistics and Chi square test by using SPSS v.20. Results: Out of 140 participants, 74% were males (n=103) and 26% were females (n=37). Programmed Death Ligand-1 positivity was observed in 62.1% of cases (n=87). The Mean age of the participants was 48.91 ± 11.7 years. The most common site of cancer involvement was buccal mucosa and majority of participants were habitual of consuming chewable products i.e. Pan, Gutka and betel nut (89; 64%). Stage III and IV tumours comprised a major portion of cases in our study. (52; 37%), (56; 40%). A statistically significant p-value was noted for the association of Programmed Death Ligand-1 with stage II and IV tumours. (P-values: 0.029, 0.001)The association of Programmed Death Ligand-1 with other variables such as age, gender, ethnicity, sites or habits was not statistically significant. Conclusion: This study concludes that the statistical significance of Programmed Death Ligand-1 expression with tumour stage is suggestive of worsening prognosis and might have detrimental effects as tumour progresses in advanced stage. Programmed Death Ligand-1 positivity in patients having oral squamous cell carcinoma could be useful in future research in the light of cancer immunotherapy which has shown success in oncology.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Expression of Programmed Death Ligand-1 within Stages of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Immunohistochemical Analysis

Khan¹,

Syed²,

Wahab³

et al. 2020

JAMMR

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“…Carcinogenesis is extremely complex multifactorial phenomenon with the interplay of innumerable molecules. [1,2] Treatment for cancer is painful, traumatic, and disfiguring. A continuous desire to improve the diagnostic acumen and designing of tailored treatment has improved our understanding of the pathogenesis of carcinogenesis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer stem cell markers in oral squamous cell carcinoma – Revisited

Madhura¹,

Kansal²,

Kumar³

2019

jmrps

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“…DMBA causes neoplasm by inducing severe inflammation and dysplasia in the buccal pouches as well as by causing extensive oxidative damage to DNA (Manoharan et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emodin Downregulates Cell Proliferation Markers During Dmba Induced Oral Carcinogenesis in Golden Syrian Hamsters

Manimaran¹,

Buddhan²,

Manoharan³

2017

Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med

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Background: Cell-cycle disruption is the major characteristic features of neoplastic transformation and the status of cell-cycle regulators can thus be utilized to assess the prognostic significance in patients with cancer. The PCNA, cyclin D1, CDK4, CDK6 and survivin expression in the buccal mucosa was utilized to evaluate the Emodin efficacy on abnormal cell proliferation during 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) induced oral carcinogenesis in golden Syrian hamsters. Materials and methods: Topical application of DMBA, three times a week for 14 weeks, on the hamsters' buccal pouches developed well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. Results: Cyclin D1 and PCNA over-expression and up-regulation of CDK4, CDK6 and survivin were noticed in the buccal mucosa of hamsters treated with DMBA alone. Emodin administration (50mg/kg b.w) orally to hamsters treated with DMBA down-regulated the expression of cell proliferation markers in the buccal mucosa. Conclusions:The anti-cell proliferative role of Emodin is owing to its modulating efficacy on cell-cycle markers towards the tumor suppression during DMBA induced oral carcinogenesis.

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An overview of oral carcinogenesis

Cited by 24 publications

References 4 publications

The Expression of Programmed Death Ligand-1 within Stages of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Immunohistochemical Analysis

The Expression of Programmed Death Ligand-1 within Stages of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Immunohistochemical Analysis

Cancer stem cell markers in oral squamous cell carcinoma – Revisited

Emodin Downregulates Cell Proliferation Markers During Dmba Induced Oral Carcinogenesis in Golden Syrian Hamsters

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