An overview of municipal solid waste management and landfill leachate treatment: Malaysia and Asian perspectives

Kamaruddin, Mohamad Anuar; Yusoff, Mohd Suffian; Rui, Lo Ming; Isa, Awatif Md; Zawawi, Mohd Hafiz; Alrozi, Rasyidah

doi:10.1007/s11356-017-0303-9

Cited by 166 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…[13] However, the carbon and metal were two kinds of valuable elements in the field of electrocatalysis, which improved conductivity and produced new catalytic active sites, respectively. [13] However, the carbon and metal were two kinds of valuable elements in the field of electrocatalysis, which improved conductivity and produced new catalytic active sites, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Flocculation Integrated Hydrogen Evolution Reaction of Fe@N‐Doped Carbon Nanotubes on Iron Foam for Ultralow Voltage Electrolysis in Neutral Media

Liu

et al. 2019

Advanced Science

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Hydrogen (H2) production is a key step in solving the energy crisis in the future. Electrocatalytic water splitting suffers from sluggish anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) kinetics leading to low energy conversion efficiency. Herein, a strategy is presented that integrates anodic electrochemical flocculation with cathodic hydrogen production from water splitting in 0.5 m Na2SO4. Iron encapsulated in a nitrogen‐doped carbon nanotubes array on iron foam (Fe@N‐CNT/IF) is employed as an electrode for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), and the Fe@N‐CNT/IF possesses superior HER activity requiring an overpotential of 525 mV to achieve 10 mA cm−2, which is close to that of 20 wt% Pt/C. Benefiting from the lower oxidation potential of iron (E°Fe/Fe2+, 0.44 V) than that of OER (E0OH‐/O2, 1.23 V), the cell voltage for integrated electrochemical flocculation and H2 production is significantly reduced by 1.31 V relative to overall water splitting to achieve 20 mA cm−2. More important, the production of electrochemical flocculation can be applied to water purification, because of the excellent adsorption capacity. Finally, metal–carbon electrocatalysts are prepared again by pyrolysis of flocculation adsorbents containing toxic heavy metals and organics. This result provides a new direction for designing a heterogeneous electrolysis system for energy conversion and environmental treatment applications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Flocculation Integrated Hydrogen Evolution Reaction of Fe@N‐Doped Carbon Nanotubes on Iron Foam for Ultralow Voltage Electrolysis in Neutral Media

Liu

et al. 2019

Advanced Science

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“…Nevertheless, sufficient amounts of waste plastic are available (Zhang et al, 2016). The same is true for MSW (Kamaruddin et al, 2017). Composition and generation depend on urbanization level and economic development, but the organic content exceeds 50% in any case.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Resource Control by Introducing an Environmental Currency: Comparison of Feedstock Sources for Polyethylene Production

Grause

2018

Detritus

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The uncontrolled resource consumption of our time causes serious ecological and economic problems. The continuation of high consumption of fossil fuels triggers climate change, while important metal ore deposits may be depleted within the near future. This situation requires a new kind of solution. For this purpose, the Ecopoint concept is proposed for the limitation of the consumption of fossil fuels and abiotic other non-renewable resources, as well as the land used to produce renewable ones. In this concept, the world's population is provided with resource shares (Ecopoints) that are used for purchasing products containing virgin resources. Using the polymerization of high density polyethylene as an example, it is shown that the Ecopoints concept favours options like sugar-based biomass (sweet sorghum, sugarcane, sugar beet) as a feedstock for bioethanol derived ethylene and waste materials (waste plastic, municipal solid waste) as a feedstocks for ethylene derived from cracking or gasification/Fischer-Tropsch synthesis over the conventional use of fossil fuel derived ethylene.

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“…The total quantity of municipal solid waste generated in Malaysia will increase from 12.8 million tonnes of waste per year in 2015 to 15.6 million tonnes in year 2020, (Harian Metro, 2016). Currently, generation of solid waste per capita in Malaysia is about 1.1 kg/day, (Kamaruddin, M. A., 2017). Therefore, this study attempts to identify the waste generation and wastes composition of household level in Shah Alam City Hall, Selangor.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban Households Solid Waste Generated and Characteristics: The case of Shah Alam City Hall, Selangor.

Ali

Rahman

Zainol

et al. 2020

JUARA

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The world's population growth, increasing urbanization and rising standards of living are some of the factors influencing waste generation in Malaysia. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect primary data of the randomly selected 100 households. These households were provided with five (5)polythene bags to separate their daily wastes during the period of fourteen (14) days. The researcher visits each household in the evening to collect the polythene bags. A sample size, adequate to estimate the value with adequate precision was calculated from three residential neighborhoods (low, medium and high cost) The rate of waste generated from recyclable items are 45.51% (1,201.61 kg), followed by food wastes with 33.98% (897.18 kg) and non-recyclable items with 20.51% (541.54 kg). Therefore, the aim of this paper is to understand the waste generation and waste composition in relation to the willingness of the households and the objective are (i) to establish the nature of the waste generation and composition per/day; and (ii) to identify the current stakeholders involved in recycling material. The results clearly show that 96% of respondents are willing to participate in any program for waste minimization. This also indirectly indicates the lifestyle of the household.

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An overview of municipal solid waste management and landfill leachate treatment: Malaysia and Asian perspectives

Cited by 166 publications

References 89 publications

Electrochemical Flocculation Integrated Hydrogen Evolution Reaction of Fe@N‐Doped Carbon Nanotubes on Iron Foam for Ultralow Voltage Electrolysis in Neutral Media

Electrochemical Flocculation Integrated Hydrogen Evolution Reaction of Fe@N‐Doped Carbon Nanotubes on Iron Foam for Ultralow Voltage Electrolysis in Neutral Media

Resource Control by Introducing an Environmental Currency: Comparison of Feedstock Sources for Polyethylene Production

Urban Households Solid Waste Generated and Characteristics: The case of Shah Alam City Hall, Selangor.

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