An Overview of Hydrocarbon Emissions Mechanisms in Spark-Ignition Engines

Cheng, Wai K.; Hamrin, Douglas A.; Heywood, John B.; Hochgreb, Simone; Min, Kyoungdoug; Norris, Michael G.

doi:10.4271/932708

Cited by 239 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In normal engine operation, substantial reduction in HC is observed with spark retard, which increases the charge temperature in the later part of the expansion process and facilitates the secondary oxidation of the crevice HC, which is a major source [27,28]. In the first cycle of the cranking process, however, the major HC source is the fuel vapor from the fuel film on the cylinder surfaces.…”

Section: Ignition Timingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Operation Strategy on First Cycle CO, HC, and PM/PN Emissions in a GDI Engine

Rodriguez

Cheng

2015

SAE Int. J. Engines

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The impact of the operating strategy on emissions from the first combustion cycle during cranking was studied quantitatively in a production gasoline direct injection engine. A single injection early in the compression cycle after IVC gives the best tradeoff between HC, particulate mass (PM) and number (PN) emissions and net indicated effective pressure (NIMEP). Retarding the spark timing, it does not materially affect the HC emissions, but lowers the PM/PN emissions substantially. Increasing the injection pressure (at constant fuel mass) increases the NIMEP but also the PM/PN emissions.

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Section: Ignition Timingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Operation Strategy on First Cycle CO, HC, and PM/PN Emissions in a GDI Engine

Rodriguez

Cheng

2015

SAE Int. J. Engines

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“…There are various HC emissions formation mechanisms for SI engines: the filling of crevice volumes with unburned mixture, flame quenching at the combustion chamber walls, oil layer absorption and desorption, incomplete combustion, liquid fuel wetting of incylinder surface, deposit absorption and desorption, and air/fuel ratio abnormality [1,2].…”

Section: Background and Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Charge Motion Control During Cold Start of SI Engines

Lee¹,

Heywood²

2006

SAE Technical Paper Series

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“…out-gassing from lubricants) and crevices (Cheng et al 1993;Min et al 1994; Norris and Hochgreb 1994;Boam et al 1995). However, if the mixture goes too lean, then large HC emissions can occur from a different mechanism, incomplete combustion.…”

Section: Co E1 = 4 (1 -$-I)mentioning

confidence: 99%