An overview of energy status and development in Pakistan

Rauf, Omer; Wang, Shujie; Yuan, Pingzhi; Tan, Jian

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2015.04.012

Cited by 120 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, implementation of this policy faced various challenges thus had achieved only limited success [40]. In recent times, Ministry of Water and Power developed a balanced power policy in 2013 that aimed at dealing energy crisis with balanced fuel mix and energy conservation also could not deliver to the expectation of the various sectors of the economy [41]. As a result, despite of these efforts, in 2013 and 2014 worst sort of energy and power crises were coped with 16 to 18-hour of electricity supply interruptions [42].…”

Section: Historical Energy Demand and Supplymentioning

confidence: 99%

An Integrated Modeling Approach for Forecasting Long-Term Energy Demand in Pakistan

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:Energy planning and policy development require an in-depth assessment of energy resources and long-term demand forecast estimates. Pakistan, unfortunately, lacks reliable data on its energy resources as well do not have dependable long-term energy demand forecasts. As a result, the policy makers could not come up with an effective energy policy in the history of the country. Energy demand forecast has attained greatest ever attention in the perspective of growing population and diminishing fossil fuel resources. In this study, Pakistan's energy demand forecast for electricity, natural gas, oil, coal and LPG across all the sectors of the economy have been undertaken. Three different energy demand forecasting methodologies, i.e., Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), Holt-Winter and Long-range Energy Alternate Planning (LEAP) model were used. The demand forecast estimates of each of these methods were compared using annual energy demand data. The results of this study suggest that ARIMA is more appropriate for energy demand forecasting for Pakistan compared to Holt-Winter model and LEAP model. It is estimated that industrial sector's demand shall be highest in the year 2035 followed by transport and domestic sectors. The results further suggest that energy fuel mix will change considerably, such that oil will be the most highly consumed energy form (38.16%) followed by natural gas (36.57%), electricity (16.22%), coal (7.52%) and LPG (1.52%) in 2035. In view of higher demand forecast of fossil fuels consumption, this study recommends that government should take the initiative for harnessing renewable energy resources for meeting future energy demand to not only avert huge import bill but also achieving energy security and sustainability in the long run.

show abstract

Section: Historical Energy Demand and Supplymentioning

confidence: 99%

An Integrated Modeling Approach for Forecasting Long-Term Energy Demand in Pakistan

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Further, the dislocation of Thar coal fields, non-availability of basic access infrastructure and other fundamental issues are key barriers to the development of the Thar coal fields. Consequently, Pakistan still imports four million tons of coal to meet its needs [23]. The statistics provided by HDIP in the form of an energy yearbook starting from 1992 show that coal consumption (demand) only exists in three sectors of the economy, i.e., the domestic, industrial and power generation sectors (Figure 4).…”

Section: Coalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Coalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This available cheap source of gas has contributed greatly to the economic development and improved the industrial output substantially. However, this indigenous sources of gas are now believed to be depleting as the production from the Sui gas field has reduced over the years [23]. On the other hand, with increased demand ensuring the supply of natural gas is becoming a serious challenge.…”

Section: Natural Gasmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Future of Sustainable Energy Production in Pakistan: A System Dynamics-Based Approach for Estimating Hubbert Peaks

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper presents an effort pertaining to the simulation of the future production in Pakistan of different primary energy resources, i.e., coal, natural gas and crude oil, thereby constructing Hubbert peaks. In this context, the past 45 years' production data of primary energy resources of Pakistan have been analyzed and simulated using a generic STELLA (Systems Thinking, Experimental Learning Laboratory with Animation) model. The results show that the Hubbert peak of Pakistan's crude oil production has been somehow already achieved in 2013, with the highest production of 4.52 million toe, which is 1.51 times the production in 2000. Similarly, the natural gas peak production is expected in 2024 with a production of 32.70 million toe which shall be 1.96-fold the extraction of the resource in the year 2000. On the other hand, the coal production in the country has been historically very low and with a constant production rate that is gradually picking up, the peak production year for the coal is anticipated to be in the year 2080 with an estimated production of 134.06 million. Based on the results of this study, which provide a greater understanding of future energy patterns, it is recommended that an energy security policy be devised for the country to ensure sustained supplies in the future.

show abstract

“…The global boom of biodiesel replacement with the fossil fuels has taken off pretty well in the last decade due to a projected run-out of the fossil fuel reserves in the world. An attractive benefit offered by the biofuels is the ecofriendliness of these fuels over the conventional fossil fuels technologies [7] the effects of which, are playing out in the form of well-established markets and a developed infrastructure for both solar and wind energy in the country and a rather lack luster focus on bio-energy adoption [8,9]. There have been some efforts made by the AEDB in tapping the untapped potential of bio-energy in the country, but the most of it is in the form of agro-industrial waste to energy to be taken up by the sugar and rice mills in the country [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Techno-spatial assessment of waste cooking oil for biodiesel production in Pakistan

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study presents a take on employing the principles of waste valorization to solve the long-standing problem of finding sustainable resources for biodiesel production. The biodiesel production has always met with a competition with food security and land use. This has limited the scope of the technology to laboratory experiments only. This study aims to assess the geospatial availability of waste cooking oil in Pakistan to map its biodiesel production potential. Owing to the resource posing no land use or food security challenges, a resource assessment using geographical information systems was carried out. The waste cooking oil availability was estimated using the statistics on per capita edible oil consumption with a realistic consumption and collection factor applied to it. The available residual cooking oil was subjected to the transesterification with a rather conservative conversion to the biodiesel at 66.25% to keep the estimates realistic. The study results in heat maps of all the different regions and provinces of the country. The findings suggest that Punjab province is the highest potential province with 249,260 tonnes of biodiesel production annually. Karachi district is the highest potential district with a potential of 36,156 tonnes of biodiesel production in a year. The study paves ways for investment sector in the study area to identify highest potential regions to invest in. It also motivates the scientific community to step outside of experimental research on waste cooking oil's biodiesel production potential and perform resource assessments and techno-economic analyses on the technology for its widespread adoption.Graphic abstract PS-The callouts do not represent any geographical locations instead they represent the shade of the gradient they correspond to in terms of red being the gradient shade for the problems and the green being the gradient shade for the remedial contributions made by the study. The use of the map of the study area is because of the contextual important of the map in a resource and potential assessment that is geospatial in nature.

show abstract

An overview of energy status and development in Pakistan

Cited by 120 publications

References 5 publications

An Integrated Modeling Approach for Forecasting Long-Term Energy Demand in Pakistan

An Integrated Modeling Approach for Forecasting Long-Term Energy Demand in Pakistan

The Future of Sustainable Energy Production in Pakistan: A System Dynamics-Based Approach for Estimating Hubbert Peaks

Techno-spatial assessment of waste cooking oil for biodiesel production in Pakistan

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About