An Overall View on Nosocomial Infections in an Intensive Care Unit

Abstract

A AB BS S T TR RA AC CT T O Ob bj je ec ct ti iv ve e: : The purpose of this study was to determine the pathogenic agents in nosocomial infections and measure their antimicrobial sensitivity in the intensive care unit. M Ma at te er ri ia al l a an nd d M Me et th ho od ds s: : Between January and October 2007, 250 patients were examined in the intensive care unit of the 1st Internal Medicine Department of Atatürk Training and Research Hospital, which was opened in January 2007. Active and prospective surveillance method based on laboratory data and patients' diagnosis was used for 95 of these patients with hospital-acquired infections. R Re es su ul lt ts s: : During the study period, 137 infection episodes were determined in 95 patients with a diagnosis of nosocomial infections according to the criteria of Centers for Disease Control (CDC). The infection rate was 38%. Urinary tract infection was the most common infection followed by pneumonia and bacteremia. All patients with urinary tract infection had urinary catheterization, 42.5% of the patients with pneumonia had mechanical ventilation and 68.4% with primary bacteremia had central intravenous catheterization. In these infections, 59.1% of the isolated pathogens were gram-negative bacilli, 38.6% were gram-positive bacteria and the remaining 2.1% were Candida spp. Escherichia coli, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and coagulase-negative staphylococci were the most common pathogens identified. In urinary tract infections E. coli and in pneumonia and bacteremia S. aureus was the most common responsible pathogen. Among the gram-positive bacteria and gram-negative bacilli, high antimicrobial resistance was observed. Resistance to teicoplanin was 14.6% and linezolid was 11.1%, in S. aureus, whereas resistance to ciprofloxacin was 88.8% and vancomycin was 11.1% in Enterococcus spp. Imipenem was determined as the most effective agent against the isolated gram-negative bacteria, followed by cefepime, however, 16.6% of the Acinetobacter spp. and 17.6% of the P. aeruginosa were resistant to imipenem. C Co on nc cl lu us si io on n: : In order to prevent or reduce the nosocomial infections, surveillance methods must be carried out in intensive care units and in the entire hospital.K Ke ey y W Wo or rd ds s: : Intensive care units; cross infection; anti-bacterial agents Ö ÖZ ZE ET T A Am ma aç ç: : Bu çalışmada, yoğun bakım ünitemizdeki nozokomiyal enfeksiyonların patojen tiplerini belirlemek ve antibiyotik duyarlılıklarını ölçmek amaçlandı. G Ge er re eç ç v ve e Y Yö ön nt te em ml le er r: : Atatürk Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi'nin Ocak 2007 tarihinde hizmete açılan 1. Dahiliye Kliniği Yoğun Bakım Ünitesinde, Ocak-Ekim 2007 tarihleri arasında toplam 250 hasta takip edildi. Bu hastalardan hastane enfeksiyonu tanısı alan 95 hasta için aktif, ileriye dönük, hasta ve laboratuar bulgularına dayalı sürveyans metodu kullanıldı. B Bu ul lg gu ul la ar r: : Çalışma sürecinde Hastalık Kontrol ve Önleme Merkezi (CDC) kriterlerine uygun olarak nozokomiyal enfeksiyon teşhisi konulan 95...

Proshield® (Organosilane Quaternary Amine) Coated Silicone Catheters: Do They Have Any Effect on Bacterial Colonisation and Tissue Histopathology?

“…11 Cat he te ri za ti on was per for med in 100% of the pa ti ents with uri nary tract in fec ti on in the in ten si ve ca re units. 12 The re fo re, pre ven ti on of comp li ca ti ons has ma jor im por tan ce. The in ciden ce of cat he ter-re la ted sep sis is va ri ab le and repor ted to be bet we en 4-14%.…”